Imperial Rivals: China, Russia, and Their Disputed Frontier (Google eBook)

S. C. M Paine

M.E. Sharpe, 1996 - Political Science - 417 pages

Contents

• The Russian and Chinese Empires in the Industrial Age: 1
• The Militarization of the RussoChinese Frontier: 5
• The Nature of RussoChinese Relations: 7
• Political Legitimacy and Economic Backwardness: 10
• Notes: 14
• From Manchuria to Sinkiang 18581864 The Demise of Traditional Chinese Diplomacy: 23
• Background Revival of Russian Interest in the Far East: 26
• Russia and China in the Age of Commercial Maritime Empires: 27
• The Demise of the Overland Trade and Geographic Exploration: 29
• Local Officials and the Myth of Russian Original Sovereignty: 33
• The Crimean War of 1853 to 1856 and Russias Turn to the East: 37
• Notes: 41
• Traditional Chinese Diplomacy in Retreat The Treaty of Aigun: 47
• The Tribute System and the Russian Barbarians: 48
• The Chinese Concept of Face: 52
• Chinas Missed Opportunity: 55
• The Treaties of Tientsin and Aigun of 1858: 62
• Notes: 68
• Capitulation The Treaty of Peking: 77
• Russian International Weakness and Chinese Intransigence: 82
• Russian Mediation of the Treaty of Peking of 1860: 85
• The Ramifications and the Myths of Friendship and Original Sovereignty: 90
• Notes: 95
• Ili Sinkiang 18711881 A Turning Point in Chinese Foreign Policy: 105
• The Myth of Chinese Original Sovereignty over Sinkiang: 110
• Russian Expansion into Central Asia: 112
• The Muslim Uprising of 1862 to 1878 and the Myth of Chinese Moderation: 115
• The Russian Invasion of 1871: 118
• Notes: 123
• Chinese Diplomacy in Disarray The Treaty of Livadia: 130
• The Treaty of Livadia of 1879: 131
• Saving Face and the Myth of Diplomatic Incompetence: 133
• Institutional Failures of the Chinese Government: 135
• The Foreign Policy Debate in China: 139
• Notes: 143
• A Reprieve The Treaty of St Petersburg: 149
• The Chinese Negotiating Strategy: 150
• Russian National Dignity: 151
• The Negotiations and the Myth of RussoChinese Friendship: 154
• The Treaty of St Petersburg of 1881: 159
• Notes: 165
• Manchuria 18961905 Russian Railroad Imperialism and the RussoJapanese War: 173
• The Apogee of Tsarist Imperialism The Chinese Eastern Railway: 176
• The SinoJapanese War of 1894 to 1895 and the New Balance of Power in Asia: 179
• The RussoChinese AntiJapanese Alliance of 1896: 183
• The Liaotung Peninsula Concession of 1898: 188
• Exclusive Zones and the Militarization of the Border: 192
• Notes: 196
• OverExtension The Boxer Uprising and the Russian Invasion: 207
• The Boxer Uprising of 1900: 209
• The Russian Occupation of Manchuria: 213
• The Russian Troop Withdrawal Agreement of 1902: 217
• Escalating Russian Demands and the Myth of Diplomatic Incompetence: 221
• Notes: 224
• RollBack The RussoJapanese War: 232
• Russias Civilizing Mission versus Japans Foreign Policy Concerns: 233
• The RussoJapanese War of 1904 to 1905: 238
• Instability within the Russian Government: 245
• Economic Backwardness and International Competition: 248
• Notes: 255
• Outer Mongolia 19111924 Shifting Spheres of Influence: 267
• Mongolia The Last Frontier: 270
• Traditional Ching Administration of Mongolia: 274
• Ethnic Tensions in Mongolia and the Myth of Chinese Moderation: 276
• The Chinese Attempt to Absorb Mongolia via Administrative Reforms: 278
• Notes: 280
• Tsarist Foreign Policy Mongolian Autonomy and Chinese Suzerainty: 285
• Russian Support for the Separation of Mongolia from China: 286
• The RussoMongolian Agreement of 1912: 290
• The RussoChinese Declaration of 1913: 293
• The Tripartite Kiakhta Conference of 1915: 296
• Notes: 303
• Soviet Foreign Policy Mongolian Independence under Soviet Tutelage: 312
• Ataman Semenov: 314
• Baron Ungern: 317
• Soviet Imperialism in the Far East: 319
• The Myths of the Discontinuity of Soviet Policy and Chinese Moderation: 323
• Notes: 330
• Conclusion: 341
• The Evolution of Russias China Policy: 344
• The Paradoxes of Empire: 348
• The Past as an Indicator for the Future: 353
• Notes: 356
• Bibliographic Essay: 361
• Secondary Sources in Russian and Chinese: 362
• Primary Sources: 364
• Archives: 365
• Notes: 366
• Bibliography: 368
• II Published Primary Sources: 369
• III Published Secondary Sources: 378
• IV Reference Works: 397
• V Dissertations: 399
• Index: 401

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About the author

S. C. M. Paine is Professor of Strategy and Policy at the United States Naval War College. Paine is the author of Nation Building, State Building, and Economic Development (2010), The Sino-Japanese War of 1894 1895 (Cambridge, 2003) and Imperial Rivals: China, Russia, and their Disputed Frontier (1996). She co-authored Modern China: Continuity and Change, 1644 to the Present (2010) and co-edited Naval Power and Expeditionary Warfare (2011), Naval Coalition Warfare (2008) and Naval Blockades and Seapower (2006).

Bibliographic information

• Title: Imperial Rivals: China, Russia, and Their Disputed Frontier
• Author: S. C. M Paine
• Edition: illustrated
• Publisher: M.E. Sharpe, 1996
• ISBN: 1563247240, 9781563247248
• Length: 417 pages
• Subjects: History / Asia / General; Political Science / General; Political Science / International Relations / General