A Comparison of Maternal Care by Primiparous and Multiparous Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus): Does Parenting Improve with Expierence? |
Common terms and phrases
allomothering Average Sub-group behavioral bottlenose dolphins calf ages Calf positioned calf survival CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ calves of primiparous CRUZ The Univers CRUZ The University dependent calves differences in maternal distance dorsal fin echelon position experienced females experienced mothers feral horses focal dolphin focal dyad hypothesis intermediate experience learning to parent Library The University logistic regression matched pairs signed maternal age maternal investment mother and calf mother has given mother's experience level multiparous females multiparous mothers newborn surfaces newborns of multiparous newborns of primiparous nulliparous number of calves observational learning pairs signed rank parental investment predation protection primiparous and multiparous primiparous females surfaced primiparous mothers proximity reproductive histories reproductive success Sarasota Bay SDRP second month signed rank test sub-group sizes surface synchronously synchronous surfacings targeted reproductive effort Terrie Williams Total Surfacings Trivers Tursiops sp Tursiops truncatus University Library UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA/SANTA Wilcoxon matched pairs zoological park