A Preface to Logic |
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absolute abstract actual analysis apply argument Aristotelian logic Aristotle assert assume assumption called Charles Peirce classical concepts conclusion consequences deal deductive definite denote determine distinction distinguish elements empirical ence entities ethical judgments evidence existence experience expressions F. H. Bradley fact fallacy false fictions field formal frequency theory geometry human hypotheses ideal individual induction inference instances intellectual invariant involves Josiah Royce knowledge language large number laws linguistic logical implication logicians material meaning meaningless mechanics ments metaphor metaphysical method mind modern moral motion nature necessary Newtonian mechanics nominalistic non-Euclidean geometry normative normative science objects observation phenomena philosophers physical point of view positivistic possible premises principles priori probability proposition prove psychological pure mathematics purely logical question realm reason regard relations relative frequency rules scientific sense sentences significant statement statistical statistical mechanics symbols theoretical things tion true truth twilight zones universal universal proposition valid verifiable words