A Textbook of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Or, The Action of Drugs in Health and Disease |
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Common terms and phrases
absorbed ACTING AFTER ABSORPTION administration alcohol alkalies alkaloids anesthesia animals antipyretics antiseptic Arch arsenic asphyxia atropine blood blood-pressure body bowel caffeine cantharidin carbolic acid carbonic cause cells cent central nervous system centre chloride chloroform cocaine compounds contains contraction convulsions depression digitalis dilatation dilute disease drugs effects ether excreted fluid frog gastric glands heart increased induced inhibitory injected insoluble intestine iodide irritation Journ kidney klin large doses large quantities less lessened mammals medulla oblongata mercury metals mins morphine movements mucous membrane muscle nerve nitrite occurs odor opium ORGANIC SUBSTANCES ACTING oxidation paralysis paralyzed Pharm Phys physostigmine pilocarpine poisoning potassium powerful preparations produced proteins purgatives quinine reflex resemble respiration salicylic salicylic acid salts santonin secretion skin slow small quantities sodium soluble solution stimulation stomach strychnine sulphate symptoms tannic acid taste temperature therapeutics Tinctura tion tissues treatment urine veratrine vessels volatile oils vomiting
Popular passages
Page 705 - A proteolytic ferment or enzyme obtained from the glandular layer of fresh stomachs from healthy pigs, and capable of digesting not less than 3000 times its own weight of freshly coagulated and disintegrated egg albumen, when tested by the process given below.
Page 696 - Alum solutions have a sweetish astringent taste and in small quantities induce no symptoms except a feeling of dryness and astringence to the inner mouth and throat. Larger doses act as gastric irritants and cause nausea and vomiting and in extreme cases poisoning. "Even the largest quantities, however, are followed by no symptoms except those of gastro-intestinal irritation and inflammation and the long continued use of alum does not elicit any symptoms of chronic poisoning.
Page 642 - ... but even the metal may be oxidized and absorbed when it is applied to the living surfaces or injected into the blood in a state of fine division. Thus the inhalation of mercury vapor by the lungs leads to general poisoning, often of a very malignant type, and mercury rubbed into very fine globules, and applied in ointment to the skin, passes into the gland ducts and along the roots of the hairs, and is absorbed into the tissues, in which it causes the typical mercurial effects. Symptoms. —...
Page 702 - Apparently it is not often present in sufficient quantities to induce poisoning, for although some cases of " tin poisoning " are met with in medical literature, in none of them has it been satisfactorily established that tin was the cause. Chronic poisoning from this cause is unknown, and animals present no symptoms from prolonged treatment with larger quantities of tin than are contained in any preserved fmxls.
Page 569 - ... differ from those of other irritants. In poisoning from the inhalation of the anhydride, on the other hand, the symptoms arise chiefly from the respiratory tract. Even in five parts in 10,000 it acts as an irritant, causing sneezing, coughing and lachrymation, and in somewhat greater concentration it becomes entirely irrespirable; still smaller quantities in the air cause bronchial irritation and catarrh, when inhaled for some time. Sulphurous acid is neutralized and oxidized for the most part...
Page 691 - Silver nitrate occurs in colorless, crystalline tables, becoming gray, or grayish black on exposure to light in the presence of organic matter. It is odorless and has a bitter, caustic, and strongly metallic taste. It is very soluble in water (1:0.4) and soluble in alcohol (1:30).
Page 494 - ... these solutions are injected subcutaneously, intravenously, or per rectum. A rapid improvement in the circulation follows, and this has given rise to the erroneous opinion that such saline infusions stimulate the heart directly as well as by the mechanical effect of the increase in the fluids of the body ; this theory has led to infusions being made in weakness of the heart from other causes than haemorrhage.
Page 686 - ... violent vomiting and purging, pain in the abdomen and collapse; these symptoms are due to the local action on the stomach and intestine. The insoluble zinc oxide and carbonate are less liable to cause acute irritation than the sulphate, but their prolonged ingestion has given rise to dyspepsia and constipation or diarrhoea in some cases. The continued administration of zinc salts has no effects in man, except those of disordered digestion and constipation, and Lehmann could detect no effects...
Page 295 - The effects on the central nervous system present the greatest divergences from those described under atropine, for the characteristic stimulation is absent in the great majority of cases. As a general rule, scopolamine produces a marked sensation of fatigue and drowsiness, the patient moves about less and speaks less, and a condition in no way dissimilar to the natural sleep follows.
Page 715 - ... body weight injected subcutaneously are poisonous. An infusion of the bruised seeds when applied to the conjunctiva may cause fatal poisoning due to absorption of the toxic abrin through the conjunctiva. Abrin is a very powerful irritant and produces oedema and ecchymosis at the site of inoculation. It has little or no irritant action on the mouth and throat and is digested and rendered harmless in the stomach. One interesting phenomenon about Abrin is that, when it is injected into animals in...