Ammonia: Priciples & Industrial PracticeAmmonia is one of the most important inorganic basic chemicals, not only for the manufacture of fertilizers (85%) but also for the production of plastics, fibers, explosives, and intermediates for dyes and pharmaceuticals. It is an essential reaction component for the synthesis of numerous organic chemicals used as solvents and intermediates. The book provides a practical and up-to-date account of the product properties, synthesis and reaction mechanisms, including catalysis and commercial catalysts, modern production technology for different feedstocks, quality specifications and environmental health and safety aspects, uses and economic data of this important commodity chemical. It also discusses perspectives of future developments of commercial ammonia production. Over 1400 references to the relevant literature complete this concise presentation, whose aim is to inform the reader of the present status of the theory and practice of industrial ammonia production. Chemical engineers, engineers and chemists in industry, engineering companies, catalyst manufacturers, equipment makers and chemical engineering university departments will certainly profit from this comprehensive review based on the author's long practical experience in a leading technical management position of one of the largest European ammonia producers. |
Common terms and phrases
activity adsorption AIChE Ammonia Safety ammonia concentration Ammonia Plant Saf Ammonia Production Ammonia Safety Symp ammonia synthesis BASF boiler burner capacity carbon dioxide Catal catalyst bed centrifugal compressors Chem chemical CO₂ CO₂ removal coal compressor Conf converter cooling energy consumption equation equilibrium example feedstock Figure fuel furnace gas compressor gases gasification GJ/t NH3 H₂ H₂O heat exchanger higher Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon Process hydrogen increase industrial inlet kinetics kJ/mol liquid ammonia magnetite makeup gas metal methane methanol N₂ naphtha natural gas nitrogen operating oxygen partial oxidation pressure primary reformer process air Process Steps purge gas quench ratio reaction rate reactor recovery Rectisol recycle reduced secondary reformer Section Selexol shell shift conversion solvent soot steam reforming steam reforming ammonia Steps of Ammonia storage sulfur surface Syngas synthesis gas Synthesis Gas Production synthesis loop Synthesis Reaction temperature Topics in Catalysis Topsøe Uhde vapor vessel