Architecture of Herod, the Great BuilderHerod the Great was one of the famous builders of the classical world. Judaea, his kingdom, a crossroads between the Eastern Mediterranean countries, Mesopotamia, Arabia, and Egypt, symbolizes the transition between the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods as well as the climax of the Second Temple period, which witnessed the emergence of many religious and spiritual movements including Christianity. Beyond the influence of the matured Hellenistic architecture, the developing Roman architecture, and the local building activity of his predecessors, the Hasmonaeans, Herod's buildings benefited from his analytical mind, creative imagination, and deep understanding of the process of building and planning. The consequences are outstanding structures such as Masada's Northern Palace and Herodium's cylindrical palatial fortress, and the peak of his achievements are Caesarea Maritima with its deepwater harbor and the rebuilding of Jerusalem's Temple Mount. Having an architectural as well as archaeological background, Ehud Netzer is able to highlight Herod's personal involvement and contributions in his building projects. This book presents, in many aspects, the first comprehensive synthesis of Herod's enterprises from archaeological and, mainly, architectural viewpoints. |
Contents
Herod the Man and King 34 | 3 |
Three Phases of Construction | 17 |
Building Projects in SamariaSebaste | 81 |
The PortCity of Caesarea Maritima | 94 |
Building Projects in Jerusalem | 119 |
The Rebuilding of the Second Temple and its Precinct | 137 |
Herodium Palace Burial Site and Memorial | 179 |
The Desert Fortresses | 202 |
Architectural Influences from the GrecoRoman World | 288 |
Herods Personal Involvement in His Building Projects | 295 |
Epilogue Herods Building Program | 302 |
Herodian Building Materials and Methods E Netzer | 309 |
Herodian Architectural Decoration O Peleg | 320 |
Herodian Stuccowork Ceilings S Rozenberg | 339 |
Wall Paintings of the Herodian Period in the Land of Israel | 350 |
Mosaic Pavements in Herods Day R Talgam and O Peleg | 377 |
Introduction | 243 |
The Planning of Temples | 270 |
The Planning of Sport and Entertainment Facilities | 277 |
Bibliography | 415 |
| 429 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acropolis Alexandrium Antonia apparently architectural ashlars Augustus Avigad bathhouse building projects Caesarea caldarium capitals cavea ceiling century B.C.E. cisterns colonnades colors columns construction Corinthian corner corridor Court cubits Cypros decorated east eastern entrance erected event examples excavations exposed Foerster fortress fragments frescoes garden Gate hall Hasmonaean Hebrew Hellenistic Herod Herod's Third Palace Herodian Herodian period Herodium hippodrome idem Inner Enclosure Israel Jerusalem Jewish Josephus Judaea king later located Lower Herodium Machaerus Masada mentioned Mishnah moldings monumental motifs Mountain Palace-Fortress Nabataean Netzer Northern Palace opus reticulatum Palace at Jericho panels peristyle peristyle courtyard Phasael plaster Plate Pompeii porticoes probably reconstruction remains revealed Roman Rome rooms Sebaste Second Palace Second Style Second Temple served side similar southern stoa basileia stone storerooms structure stucco surrounded Temple Mount theater Tomb towers triclinium Villa Wall painting Western Palace whereas wing