Catalysis in Chemistry and EnzymologyExceptionally clear, carefully written treatment of the nature of catalysis of reactions in aqueous solution. Coverage of mechanisms for catalysis, forces in aqueous solution, carbonyl- and acyl-group reactions, practical kinetics, and much more. Extensive bibliography. "... a masterpiece."—Nature. |
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language is tougher and not east to nderstand and their are a lot of contradictions.
Contents
Observation of the formation and disappearance of | 1 |
MECHANISMS FOR CATALYSIS | 4 |
Covalent Catalysis | 42 |
intermediate | 45 |
Decomposition at the same rate of a common intermediate formed from different substrates | 50 |
Partitioning of the intermediate to give two products at a constant total rate | 53 |
Partitioning of a common intermediate to a constant ratio of two products | 56 |
Exchange and transfer reactions | 60 |
ATP and metals | 112 |
Decarboxylation of Bketo acids 1 16 | 116 |
Aldol condensations | 120 |
Thiamine pyrophosphate | 127 |
Pyridoxal | 133 |
Other examples | 146 |
F Oxidative Catalysis | 150 |
G Oxidative Activation | 154 |
Exchange and inhibition | 64 |
Nucleophilic Catalysis | 67 |
Nucleophilic groups in enzymes | 71 |
Carbonyl transfer reactions | 72 |
cistrans Isomerization | 74 |
Phosphate transfer | 76 |
Alkyl transfer | 77 |
Nucleophilic Reactivity | 78 |
Basicity | 79 |
Polarizability oxidationreduction potential softness | 85 |
Solvation | 92 |
Steric hindrance | 96 |
Electrostatic effects | 97 |
Resonance stabilization and structural rearrangements | 98 |
Bond strength to carbon | 99 |
Intramolecular general acid catalysis | 103 |
The a effect | 107 |
E Electrophilic Catalysis | 111 |
General AcidBase Catalysis | 163 |
Other examples | 168 |
B The Brønsted Relationship | 170 |
Isotope Effects | 243 |
Strain Distortion and Conformation Change | 282 |
FORCES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION | 321 |
Electrostatic Interactions | 351 |
Hydrophobic Forces | 393 |
DonorAcceptor and Charge Transfer Interactions | 437 |
PART III | 460 |
RCSR and HOR | 517 |
12 | 548 |
Practical Kinetics | 555 |
Summary of rules for intepretation | 612 |
807 | |
823 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acceleration acetate acid acid catalysis active acyl addition amine amount analog anion atom attack base basic binding energy bound carbon carbonyl group catalysis catalyzed caused charge Chem chemical compared complex compounds concentration contribution corresponding decrease dependence described destabilization determining direction effect electron enthalpy entropy enzyme equation ester evidence example existence expected experimental fact factor favorable follows force formation free energy give glucose hydrogen bonding hydrolysis hydroxide important increase interaction intermediate intramolecular involves isotope effect kcal/mole kinetic larger leaving less loss measure mechanism micelle molecules nucleophilic observed occur oxide oxygen phosphate position possible presence probably protein proton transfer rate constant rate-determining step reactants reaction reactivity relative respect result salts shown similar solution solvent specific stabilization step structure substituents substrate suggests tion transfer transition undergo utilized