Diseases of the Heart and Aorta

Arthur Douglass Hirschfelder

Lippincott, 1910 - Aorta - 632 pages

Contents

• Heart musclefibres: 1
• Section through the endocardium showing section of the musclefibres: 2
• Apparatus for perfusing the mammalian heart: 3
• PAGE: 4
• The auricular end of the human heart viewed from the right: 5
• The sinus region of the heart the venoauricular or venosinal bands of striated muscle and the auriculo atrio ventricular or sinoventricular muscle bun...: 6
• Arrangement of ventricular musclefibres: 8
• Apparatus for registering the volume of the ventricles: 9
• Methods for demonstrating the movements of the heart valves: 10
• Volume curves showing the effect of variations in venous pressure and in tonicity upon the rate at which the ventricles are filled during diastole: 12
• Origin and course of the cardiac nerves and cutaneous distribution of the corre sponding schematic branches: 14
• Curve of intraventricular and aortic pressures: 18
• RivaRocci bloodpressure apparatus as modified by Stanton: 20
• Correct method of feeling the pulse in Strasburgers determination of minimal pressure: 21
• Diagram showing arrangement of Erlanger apparatus: 22
• Diagram showing the maximal and minimal pressures in various parts of the circulatory system: 24
• Diagram showing effects of vasoconstriction vasodilation increased and decreased force of ventricular contraction upon the maximal and minimal bl...: 25
• Mosso plethysmograph: 26
• Diagram showing the curve of bloodpressure during asphyxia: 27
• Diagram showing typical bloodpressures in various diseases: 29
• Hooker and Eysters modification of V Recklinghausens method of determining the venous pressure in man: 33
• Determanns apparatus for determining the viscosity of the blood: 38
• Brachial pulsecurves taken with the Erlanger bloodpressure apparatus from the arms of two patients: 42
• Effect of prolonged exercise upon the bloodpressure of men in various degrees of muscular strength: 131
• Rise of bloodpressure during Valsalvas experiment and during exercise: 132
• Variations in size of the heart of a longdistance bicycle rider as the result of a very long race: 133
• Effect of strain upon the dogs heart whose tonicity is good: 135
• Volume curve of a dog whose cardiac tonicity is low: 136
• Effect upon the volume of the dogs heart produced by clamping the descending thoracic aorta: 137
• I normal II broken pulmonary compensation III broken systemic compensation IV both compensations fail stases in lungs and veins: 139
• The two types of CheyneStokes respiration in their relations to the bloodpressure curves: 152
• Legs of a patient with extreme edema and tremendous ulcers: 154
• Curschmanns modification of the Southey tubes for draining ĉdema of the legs: 155
• Electrical record of afferent impulses travelling up the vagi: 157
• Insertion of the knife in venesection: 166
• Effect of venesection on the cardiac outline showing diminution in size of right heart: 167
• Tracing showing the action of digitalis upon the dogs bloodpressure: 175
• Variations in bloodpressure in a patient under the influence of digitalis and nitroglycerin: 176
• Effect of digitalis on cardiac tonicity in the dog: 177
• Curve showing the effect of strychnine upon cardiac tonicity: 182
• Effects of drugs of the nitrite series upon the bloodpressure in man: 187
• Radiograph from a case of mitral stenosis showing increase of the shadow due: 195
• Schott resisted movements: 196
• Orthodiagraphic outline of a patient with dilated heart showing the effect of Schott movements: 197
• Hypertrophic normal and atrophic hearts: 203
• Photomicrographs of atrophic and hypertrophic heart muscle: 204
• Heart of normal dog and of dog which has run for three months on a treadmill: 206
• Areas of pulsation and retraction hypertrophy of the right and left ventricles: 209
• Diagram showing power of normal and hypertrophied athletes heart at rest and during exercise compared with that of a diseased heart: 211
• Distribution of fat in and about the heart: 214
• Photomicrographs of fat deposits in the heart: 215
• An excessive deposit of epicardial fat: 216
• Infiltration along the course of the bloodvessels in subacute myocarditis blood vessels injected: 225
• Septic myocarditis with multiple abscesses in the heart wall: 226
• Photomicrograph showing an abscess in the heart muscle: 227
• Orthodiagraphic outlines of the heart of a child during the course of a severe diphtheria: 230
• Specimen showing a cardiac aneurism covered with pericardial adhesions: 234
• Specimens showing chronic myocarditis: 235
• Hypertrophy of some muscle bundles in the auricle with atrophy transparency of other areas: 236
• Curve of bloodpressure in a case of chronic myocarditis high bloodpressure per sisting until shortly before death: 237
• Various types of arteriosclerotic lesions Schematic: 251
• Cross section of a radial artery showing arteriosclerotic changes in the media: 252
• Arteriosclerosis of the descending aorta showing atheromatous plaques: 253
• Atheromatous plaque showing the changes in the intima: 254
• Tortuous radial artery: 260
• Retinal changes in arteriosclerosis: 260
• Effect of arteriosclerosis upon the circulation: 261
• Bloodpressure chart of case of typical vasomotor crises: 271
• Bloodpressure chart showing a vascular crisis of the cerebral type: 272
• Diagram to illustrate the elimination of CO by the blood in normal and sclerotic arteries: 273
• Thromboangitis obliterans and endarteritis obliterans: 276
• Hands and feet of a patient with Raynauds disease showing gangrenous ulcers and the stumps of amputated toes: 277
• Effect of ligation of a large coronary artery upon the bloodpressure: 280
• Sclerosis of a coronary artery producing an area of infarction near the apex: 282
• Distribution of pain in attacks of angina pectoris: 286
• Distribution of attacks of pain and sensory disturbances in a case of angina pectoris: 287
• Bloodpressure curve showing crises of hypertension during attacks of angina pectoris: 288
• Fibrinous deposit upon an aortic cusp one hour after mechanically injuring the valve: 299
• Mitral endocarditis showing large vegetations: 300
• Structure of the normal auriculoventricular valve: 301
• Photomicrograph of a specimen showing acute and subacute endocarditic lesions upon the mitral valve: 302
• Portals of infection in endocarditis: 303
• Temperature curve from a case of malignant endocarditis: 305
• Diagram showing relative frequency of the most important valvular lesions at various ages: 312
• Regurgitant streams in organic and functional mitral insufficiencies: 322
• Diagram showing the volume and pressure curves under these conditions: 324
• Curve of intraventricular pressure in mitral insufficiency produced on a mechanical model: 325
• Diagram showing the effects of mitral insufficiency upon the circulation: 326
• Distribution of the murmur in mitral insufficiency: 329
• Cross section of the body showing how the murmur reaches the chest wall: 330
• Diagram of Fig 186 showing the directions in which cardiac enlargement has taken place: 331
• Human heart showing mitral and tricuspid stenosis viewed from above the auricles have been cut through: 341
• Diagram showing the changes in the circulation due to mitral stenosis: 343
• Volume of the ventricles in experimental mitral stenosis: 344
• Direction of the stream entering the left ventricle through the stenotic mitral orifice: 346
• Cardiac outline and distribution of the presystolic rumble in mitral stenosis: 347
• the dilated left auricle: 348
• Diagram showing the relations of the various sounds heard in uncomplicated mitral stenosis to events in the filling and emptying of the ventricle: 349
• Venous pulse of a patient with mitral stenosis during an attack of acute heart failure: 350
• Permanent arrhythmia in a case of mitral stenosis showing persistence of the auricular contractions a wave upon the venous pulse: 352
• Specimen showing vegetations upon the aortic valves: 360
• The various forms of lesion producing aortic insufficiency: 361
• Effect of aortic insufficiency in the mechanical model: 362
• Diagram of the circulation in aortic insufficiency: 363
• Diagram showing how the high cardiac tonicity hastens the equilibrium between aortic pressure intraventricular pressure and tonicity and thus dimini...: 364
• Area of cardiac dulness and distribution of the cardiac sounds and murmurs in aortic insufficiency: 368
• Direction of the primary regurgitant streams in aortic insufficiency: 370
• Relation of murmurs in aortic insufficiency to the cardiac cycle: 371
• Variations in the form of the pulsewave encountered clinically in aortic insuffi ciency: 372
• Tracings from a dog with experimental aortic insufficiency showing the con version of a collapsing into an anacrotic pulse by clamping the descendi...: 373
• Radial pulse tracings showing extrasystoles probably of ventricular origin: 374
• Specimen showing aortic stenosis Viewed from above: 381
• Carotid pulse and intraventricular pressure in experimental aortic stenosis: 382
• Diagram of the circulation showing the effect of aortic stenosis: 383
• Diagram showing the cardiac outline and distribution of the murmur in aortic stenosis: 384
• Murmur of aortic stenosis: 385
• Diagram showing the pulsus tardus and the anacrotic type: 386
• Diagram of the circulation in pulmonary insufficiency: 391
• Distribution of the murmur in pulmonary insufficiency: 392
• The outline of a normal heart superposed upon that of a dilated heart showing the enlargement of the tricuspid orifice: 397
• TRICUSPID INSUFFICIENCY: 398
• Venous pulse of patients with tricuspid insufficiency positive venous pulse: 399
• Distribution of the murmur and cardiac outline in tricuspid insufficiency: 401
• Tracings of liver pulsation: 402
• Systolic pulsation of the liver of patient W H: 403
• TRICUSPID STENOSIS: 406
• PREGNANCY AND LABOR IN CASES OF HEART DISEASE: 413
• CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: 421
• HEARTBLOCK AND ADAMSSTOKES SYNDROME: 460
• PERICARDITIS: 480
• WOUNDS OF THE HEART AND CARDIAC TRAUMA: 513
• ANEURISM: 521
• PART IV: 560
• THYROID HEART: 574
• MISCELLANEOUS DISTURBANCES OF CARDIAC FUNCTION THE SOCALLED CARDIAC NEUROSES AND CARDIAC NEURASTHENIA: 593

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Page 282 - The pain is sometimes situated at the upper part, sometimes in the middle, sometimes at the bottom of the os sterni, and often more inclined to the left than to the right side. It likewise very frequently extends from the breast to the middle of the left arm. The pulse is, at least sometimes, not disturbed by this pain, as I have had opportunities of observing by feeling the pulse during the paroxysm. Males are most liable to this disease, especially such as have passed their fiftieth year.

Page 531 - Place the patient in the erect position and direct him to close his mouth and elevate his chin to the fullest extent, then grasp the cricoid cartilage between the finger and thumb, and use gentle upward pressure on it, when, if dilatation or aneurism' exist, the pulsation of the aorta will be distinctly felt transmitted through the trachea to the hand.

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Bibliographic information

• Title: Diseases of the Heart and Aorta; Diseases of the Heart and Aorta, Arthur Douglass Hirschfelder
• Author: Arthur Douglass Hirschfelder
• Publisher: Lippincott, 1910
• Length: 632 pages