Echinoderm NutritionThe purpose of this book is to present the state of knowledge concerning nutrition and point out directions for future work for the Echinodermata, an ancient group which shows great diversity in form and function, and whose feeding activities can have great environmental impact. |
Contents
FOOD AND FEEDING MECHANISMS | 3 |
Organs of chemoreception | 20 |
Food composition | 40 |
Suspensionfeeding holothuroids | 49 |
Echinoidea | 57 |
Irregularia | 92 |
Asteroidea | 117 |
Feeding mechanisms | 140 |
Somatic growth | 348 |
Gonadal growth | 361 |
Bioenergetics | 368 |
Nutrient translocation | 373 |
a model for nutrient translocation | 391 |
Biosynthesis | 407 |
Conclusions | 414 |
The origin of sterols in echinoderms | 421 |
Digestion time feeding rate and feeding rhythm | 152 |
General conclusions | 158 |
Ophiuroidea | 161 |
Microphagous feeding | 172 |
Other feeding methods | 179 |
DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS | 185 |
Holothuroidea | 191 |
Histology and cytology | 199 |
Digestive organs | 207 |
Echinoidea | 213 |
Histology and cytology of the digestive system | 222 |
Digestive organs | 227 |
Digestive mechanics | 231 |
Histology and cytology of the digestive system | 260 |
Digestive mechanics | 269 |
Conclusions | 279 |
Larval echinoderms | 315 |
Epithelial absorption | 317 |
Epidermal absorption | 325 |
The utilization of nutrients by postmetamorphic | 331 |
The effect of dietary sterols on the sterol composition of echinoderms | 427 |
Conclusions | 436 |
Excretory sites of metabolic end products | 441 |
NUTRITION DURING DEVELOPMENT | 449 |
Potential mechanisms of nutrient distribution storage and utilization by the | 456 |
Conclusions | 466 |
Nutrition of embryos | 469 |
Other echinoderms | 475 |
Morphology of the gut in planktotrophic larvae | 481 |
Effects of dissolved organic matter on larval development | 488 |
EFFECTS OF FEEDING ON THE ENVIRONMENT | 493 |
Echinoidea | 499 |
The effect of echinoid feeding on biological communities | 505 |
Asteroidea | 521 |
Synthesis | 543 |
| 553 | |
List of contributors | 637 |
| 649 | |
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Common terms and phrases
aboral absorption activity in gut activity in pyloric algae amino acids animals Arbacia arms Asterias rubens Asteroidea asteroids Astropecten benthic Biol bivalves body wall Bottom material Bull cells coelomic coelomocytes coral crinoids Cucumaria Cuénot Diadema digestive system Echinocardium Echinocardium cordatum Echinodermata echinoderms Echinoidea echinoids eggs enterocytes enzymes epithelium esophagus Farmanfarmaian feeding Field observations fluid foraminiferans gametogenesis gastropods genital hemal sinus Giese gonads groove growth Gut contents Mortensen Histological holothuroids ingested intertidal intestine invertebrates Jangoux Lawrence lipid Low activity Luidia lumen Mauzey Menge Mortensen 1943a mucus muscle mussels nutrients nutritive O2/g wet wt occur oocytes ophiuroids organisms Paracentrotus lividus particles Patiria Pearse pharynx Pisaster predators prey pyloric caeca rectal caeca reef regular echinoids sea urchin sediment species spines sponges starfish sterols Stichopus Stomach contents Strongylocentrotus purpuratus structure studies substrate subtidal tentacles Tiedemann's pouches tions tube-feet Univ wet weight wet wt h¹ Zool µl O2/g wet
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Page 608 - Electron microscopy of the intestinal wall of the sea cucumber with special attention to its muscle and nerve plexus. Biol. J. Okayama Univ., 10, 39-50.