Encyclopædia metropolitana; or, Universal dictionary of knowledge, ed. by E. Smedley, Hugh J. Rose and Henry J. Rose. [With] Plates, 第 4 巻1845 |
多く使われている語句
acid action Ampere angle apparatus appear attraction axis ball battery bodies boiling brass caloric calorimeter Chap charge chemical circuit coating colour conducting power conductor copper Corol cylinder degree deviation diameter dilatation direction disc discharge distance effect elastic elec electrified electrometer electroscope employed equal equation excited experiments extremity Fahrenheit focus force Galvanism gases glass heat Hence hydrogen inches increase instrument insulated intensity length lens Leyden jar light liquid magnet medium ments mercury metals motion needle negative nitric acid observed obtained oxide particles pass Phil plane plate pole portion positive prism produced quantity ratio rays reflexion refraction refractive index resinous silver spark specific gravity specific heat sphere substances sulphuric sulphuric acid supposed surface temperature theory thermometer thickness tion Trans tricity tube vapour velocities of cooling vessel Voltaic Voltaic pile wire zinc μ²
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321 ページ - It seems possible to account for all the phenomena of heat, if it be supposed that in solids the particles are in a constant state of vibratory motion, the particles of the hottest bodies moving with the greatest velocity...
321 ページ - ... substances the particles move round their own axes, and separate from each other, penetrating in right lines through space. Temperature may be conceived to depend upon the velocities of the vibrations; increase of capacity on the motion being performed in greater space ; and the diminution of temperature during the conversion of solids into fluids or gases, may be explained on the idea of the loss of vibratory motion, in consequence of the revolution of particles round their axes, at the moment...
320 ページ - The immediate cause of the phenomenon of heat, then, is motion ; and the laws of its communication are precisely the same as the laws of the communication of motion.
193 ページ - I coated several wires in the same manner, and found that when sparks from the conductors before mentioned were made to pass through water by means of a point so guarded, a spark passing to the distance of one-eighth of an inch would decompose water, when the point exposed did not exceed T1§w of an inch in diameter. With another point...
329 ページ - The vessels in which the freezing mixture is made should be very thin, and just large enough to hold it, and the materials should be mixed together as quickly as possible.
191 ページ - Under these circumstances, a vivid action was soon observed to take place. The potash began to fuse at both its points of electrization. There was a violent effervescence at the upper surface : at the lower or negative surface, there was no liberation of elastic fluid; but small globules, having a high metallic lustre, and being precisely similar, in visible characters to quicksilver, appeared ; some of which burnt with explosion, and bright flame, as soon as they were formed, and others remained,...
174 ページ - ... the distance at which the discharge took place increased as the exhaustion was made, and when the atmosphere in the vessel supported only one-fourth of an inch of mercury in the barometrical...
43 ページ - Chance has thrown in my way another Principle, more universal and remarkable . . . and which casts a new Light on the Subject of Electricity. This Principle is, that there are two distinct Electricities, very different from one another; one of which I call vitreous Electricity and the other resinous Electricity.
123 ページ - THE electric organs of the torpedo are placed on each side of the cranium and gills, reaching from thence to the semicircular cartilages of each great fin, and extending longitudinally from the anterior extremity of the animal to the transverse cartilage, which divides the thorax from the abdomen...
422 ページ - The colours thus communicated by the different bases to flame afford, in many cases, a ready and neat way of detecting extremely minute Quantities of them...