Engaging the Other: 'Japan' and Its Alter-Egos, 1550-1850In Engaging the Other: “Japan and Its Alter-Egos”, 1550-1850 Ronald P. Toby examines new discourses of identity and difference in early modern Japan, a discourse catalyzed by the “Iberian irruption,” the appearance of Portuguese and other new, radical others in the sixteenth century. The encounter with peoples and countries unimagined in earlier discourse provoked an identity crisis, a paradigm shift from a view of the world as comprising only “three countries” (sangoku), i.e., Japan, China and India, to a world of “myriad countries” (bankoku) and peoples. In order to understand the new radical alterities, the Japanese were forced to establish new parameters of difference from familiar, proximate others, i.e., China, Korea and Ryukyu. Toby examines their articulation in literature, visual and performing arts, law, and customs. |
Contents
Introduction Between Engagement and Imagination | 1 |
A Pair of Parables | 17 |
The Ragged Edges of State and Nation | 25 |
Chapter 3 Imagining and Imaging Anthropos | 74 |
Responses to the Iberian Irruption | 106 |
Chapter 5 Parades of DifferenceParades of Power | 142 |
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artists bakufu Bankoku barbarian beard boundary byōbu cartographic Chikamatsu China Chinese Chōsen collection color and gold color on paper Courtesy Coxinga cultural daimyo depicted early modern Edo Castle Edo-period emperor Empress Jingū European festival figure foreign Fuji Fuji’s gaze gold leaf Hachiman hair hairstyles hairy Hanabusa Hanabusa Itchō Hayashi Hideyoshi Hokusai hyakunin isshu Iberian iconographic identity Ieyasu illustration images islands Itchō Japan Japanese Japanese discourse Katō Kiyomasa Katsushika ketōjin Korean embassy kuni-ezu Kyoto land leaf on paper Manchu maps of Japan Matsumae Ming Mongol mountain Nagasaki Nagoya Nanban Nihon Nishikawa Orankai Osaka painting pair of six-panel performance popular Portuguese provinces Qing Rakuchū rakugai-zu byōbu realm representation Ryukyu Ryukyuan sakayaki samurai Sancai tuhui Sangoku Seikenji Serutōsu Sesshū seventeenth century shogun Shōhō shrine six-panel folding screens spectators Tenjiku Terajima territory Toby Tōjin Tokugawa Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokyo tonsorial practice Tsushima Unsigned Ushimado visual Watōnai