Engineering Steels: An Exposition of the Properties of Steel for Engineers and Users to Secure Economy in Working and Efficiency of Result

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Macdonald & Evans, 1921 - Steel - 396 pages

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Page 39 - Hardening. — Hardening means heating a steel to its normalising temperature, and cooling more or less rapidly in a suitable medium, eg water, oil or air.
Page 39 - Normalising means heating a steel (however previously treated) to a temperature exceeding its upper critical range, and allowing it to cool freely in air. It is desirable that the temperature...
Page 116 - ... when using dividers; or at which, when the load is increased at a moderately fast rate, there is a distinct drop of the testing machine lever or, in hydraulic machines, a hesitation in the movement of the gauge finger.
Page 91 - The Brinell hardness number is the load in kilograms, divided by the area of the spherical surface of the impression in square millimetres — so that the smaller the impression, the larger is the Brinell number. By the comparison of the results of a large number of tensile and Brinell tests, a distinct relationship between the Brinell hardness number and the maximum stress of the steel has been established, with a reasonable degree of accuracy.
Page 98 - The test is to be made in a square-nose vice, the edges over which the specimen is bent being rounded to a radius equal to three times the thickness of the sheet. Selection of Test Specimens.
Page 39 - Tempering. Tempering means heating a steel (however previously hardened) to a temperature below its carbon change point, with the object of reducing the hardness or increasing the toughness to a greater or less degree.
Page 107 - The elastic limit is the point at which the extensions cease to be proportional to the loads. In a stress/strain diagram plotted to a large scale it is the point where the diagram ceases to be a straight line and becomes curved.
Page 98 - The projecting end of the strip is then to be bent at right angles to the fixed part, first to one side, then to the other, for a number of times till it breaks. The strip must stand without cracking at least three such reversals. The first bend through 90° is not counted.
Page 116 - ... at which a distinctly visible increase occurs in the distance between the gauge points on the test piece observed by using dividers.

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