Evolutionary Language UnderstandingComputer research into the English language is forsaking its preoccupation with artificial examples in favour of statistical techniques applied to real-life usage. The research programme described in this volume has taken these techniques deeper than previously attempted. Equally important to researchers in the fields of linguistics and computer science, the book records a unique attempt over a ten-year period to use stochastic optimization in the natural language processing domain. Setting the work against the background of the logical rule-based approach, the author provides a context for understanding the differences in assumptions about the nature of language and cognition which characterized this project from the outset and which now account for the project's acknowledged contribution to the field of computational linguistics. |
Contents
Simulating Evolution | 30 |
An Early System | 53 |
Goals and Standards | 84 |
Copyright | |
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accepted algorithm alternative analysis annealing parser annealing run annealing schedule annotation scheme APRIL Mk arcs automatic clause computational linguistics conditional probabilities configuration containing corpus Correct parse current solution daughter-sequence daughters defined developed elements English example figures Finished at temp freezing criterion full stop function grammatical initial instance labelled trees language model language-model annealer lattice-path logical loop machine microlattice mother label moves natural language natural language processing node labels nonterminal label nonterminal nodes normally noun phrase observed frequencies occur output parsetree parsing path Pathswitch problem processing processors production programming prototype sequences prototype-set punctuation marks random representing root node Sampson segments sentence simulated annealing skip-and-loop network slave solution space speech statistical stochastic optimization string SUSANNE scheme symbols tagged tagma tagmatags task technique terminal nodes theoretical linguistics tion tree structure tree-state Treebank verb group word-hypothesis lattice wordtags