Global Benefits and Costs of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer |
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Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | 1 |
COSTS OF REPLACING OZONEDEPLETING SUBSTANCES | 21 |
NET BENEFITS OF THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL | 45 |
Common terms and phrases
additional adjustments Aerosols agriculture alternatives analysis annual applications approach Article 5(1 assessment associated assume average cost averted avoided benefits blindness bound calculated Canada carbon tetrachloride cataracts CFCs cleaning conditioning consumption continuing Controls Scenarios conversion cost estimates cost per kilogram damage deaths delay described destruction developed countries discount rate dollars economic Environment evidence example Exhibit exist expected exposure factor foam global groups growth halon HCFCs health effects human impacts implementing incidence increased industry latitude less levels lower materials measures meeting melanoma skin cancers Methyl Bromide million tonnes Montreal Protocol Controls non-melanoma skin cancer Note overall ozone depletion ozone layer ozone-depleting substances Parties period population potential present production Protocol scenario provides radiation range reduced reflect Refrigeration relative replaced requirements result risk scenario schedule sector shown shows Solvents Source Sterilants TEAP tion UNEP upper UV-B World