Hajj to the Heart: Sufi Journeys across the Indian OceanAgainst the sweeping backdrop of South Asian history, this is a story of journeys taken by sixteenth-century reformist Muslim scholars and Sufi mystics from India to Arabia. At the center is the influential Sufi scholar Shaykh Ali Muttaqi and his little-known network of disciples. Scott Kugle relates how Ali Muttaqi, an expert in Arabic, scriptural hermeneutics, and hadith, left his native South Asia and traversed treacherous seas to make the Hajj to Mecca. Settling in Mecca, he continued to influence his homeland from overseas. Kugle draws on his original translations of Arabic and Persian manuscripts, never before available in English, to trace Ali Muttaqi's devotional writings, revealing how the Hajj transformed his spiritual life and political loyalties. The story expands across three generations of peripatetic Sufi masters in the Mutaqqi lineage as they travel for purposes of pilgrimage, scholarship, and sometimes simply for survival along Indian Ocean maritime routes linking global Muslim communities. Exploring the political intrigue, scholarly debates, and diverse social milieus that shaped the colorful personalities of his Sufi subjects, Kugle argues for the importance of Indian Sufi thought in the study of hadith and of ethics in Islam. We are proud to announce that this book is freely available in an open-access enhanced edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)—a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of Emory University and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Learn more at the TOME website: openmonographs.org. The open-access enhanced edition of Hajj to the Heart can be found here: https://manifold.ecds.emory.edu/projects/hajj-to-the-heart |
Contents
| 1 | |
| 12 | |
ʿAli Muttaqis Exile | 46 |
ʿAli Muttaqis Maturity | 83 |
ʿAli Muttaqis Mission | 115 |
ʿAli Muttaqis Legacy | 174 |
ʿAli Muttaqis Memory | 214 |
Sultans of Gujarat in the MuzaffarShahi Dynasty 14071584 | 243 |
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Common terms and phrases
Abd al-Haqq adab Ahmad Ahmad Sirhindi Ahmedabad Akbar al-Dīn Alī Arabic authentic authority Bahadur Shah blessing Burhanpur Chishti claim court critique Dargah death Deccan Delhi dhikr Dihlawī disciple divine emperor ethical farsi followers God’s hadith reports hadith scholars hadith studies Hajj Haqq Haqq’s heart Husam Islamic Jahangir jurists Kugle leaders Mahdawi movement Mahdi Mecca MSS Aligarh MSS Hyderabad MSS Rampur Mughal Muhammad Ghawth Muhammad ibn Tahir Mukhbir Muslim Muttaqi community Muzaffar Naqshbandi Nizāmī nobles one’s Persian person political Portuguese principles Prophet Muhammad Qadiri Qurʾan reform reformist religious ritual rule ruler saint sainthood saintly satchel Sayyid Sayyid Muhammad Jawnpuri scholarly scriptural Shadhili shariʿa Shaykh Shaykh ʿAbd Sirhindi social South Asia spiritual Sufi Sufi community Sufi devotion Sufi master Sufi practice Sufi scholar Sufi training Sufism sultanate of Gujarat teachings throne Wahhab Wahhab Muttaqi Wajih wisdom sayings worldly Zād al-Muttaqīn Zarruq ʿAbd al ʿAli Mut ʿAli Muttaqi