Industrial ElectrochemistryTable of Contents Preface Symbols 1 Fundamental concepts 1 2 Electrochemical engineering 60 3 The chlor-alkali industry 173 4 The extraction, refining and production of metal 210 5 Other inorganic electrolytic processes 249 6 Organic electrosynthesis 294 7 Water purification, effluent treatment and recycling of industrial process streams 331 8 Metal finishing 385 9 Metals and materials processing 451 10 Corrosion and its control 481 11 Batteries and fuel cells 543 12 Electrochemical sensors and monitoring techniques 596 Index 639. |
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Sommario
Fundamental concepts | 1 |
11 Electron transfer | 8 |
12 Mass transport | 18 |
13 The interplay of electron transfer and mass transport control | 30 |
14 Adsorption | 32 |
15 Electrocatalysis | 38 |
16 Phase formation in electrode reactions | 48 |
17 Chemical reactions | 50 |
64 The future of electrosynthesis | 329 |
Further reading | 330 |
Water purification effluent treatment and recycling of industrial process streams | 331 |
71 Metal ion removal and metal recovery | 333 |
72 Hypochlorite and lowtonnage chlorine electrolysers | 353 |
73 Electrodialysis | 358 |
74 The treatment of liquors containing dissolved chromium | 364 |
75 Electrolytic methods of phase separation | 374 |
18 The properties of electrolyte solutions | 51 |
19 The assessment of cell voltage | 54 |
110 Electrochemistry at surfaces on open circuit | 55 |
Further reading | 58 |
Electrochemical engineering | 60 |
22 Costing an electrolytic process | 64 |
23 Performance and figures of merit | 70 |
24 Electrolysis parameters | 91 |
25 Principles of cell design | 95 |
26 The additional technology of electrolytic processes | 109 |
27 Typical cell designs | 141 |
28 Laboratory data and scaleup | 166 |
Further reading | 171 |
The chloralkali industry | 173 |
31 General concepts of brine electrolysis | 175 |
32 Modern technological developments | 177 |
33 Chlorine cell technologies | 184 |
34 The production of potassium hydroxide | 208 |
Further reading | 209 |
The extraction refining and production of metal | 210 |
41 Electrowinning | 211 |
42 Cementation | 228 |
43 Electrorefining | 231 |
44 Electrodeposition of metal powders | 245 |
Further reading | 247 |
Other inorganic electrolytic processes | 249 |
52 Water electrolysis | 256 |
53 Sodium chlorate and sodium bromate | 269 |
54 Peracids and their salts | 274 |
55 Potassium permanganate | 275 |
56 Potassium dichromate and chromic acid | 278 |
57 Hydrogen peroxide | 279 |
58 Ozone | 282 |
59 Manganese dioxide | 288 |
510 Cuprous oxide | 290 |
511 Synthesis of metal salts via anodic dissolution | 291 |
Further reading | 292 |
Organic electrosynthesis | 294 |
61 The hydrodimerization of acrylonitrile | 298 |
62 Other commercial electrosynthetic processes | 311 |
63 Indirect electrosynthesis | 326 |
76 Fluegas desulphurization | 379 |
77 Other electrochemical processes | 382 |
Further reading | 384 |
Metal finishing | 385 |
81 Electroplating | 386 |
82 Electroless plating | 424 |
83 Conversion coatings | 434 |
84 Electrophoretic painting | 441 |
85 Other related surfacefinishing techniques | 447 |
Further reading | 448 |
Metals and materials processing | 451 |
92 Electrochemical machining | 457 |
93 Electrochemical etching | 468 |
Further reading | 479 |
Corrosion and its control | 481 |
101 Fundamentals of corrosion | 483 |
102 The thermodynamics of corrosion | 489 |
103 The kinetics of corrosion reactions | 498 |
104 Corrosion problems in practice | 509 |
105 Corrosion prevention and control | 518 |
106 Corrosion problems in electrolytic processing | 536 |
107 Corrosion measurement and monitoring | 538 |
Further reading | 541 |
Batteries and fuel cells | 543 |
111 Battery characteristics | 546 |
112 Battery specifications | 551 |
113 Evaluation of battery performance | 554 |
114 Battery components | 555 |
115 Present battery systems | 559 |
116 Batteries under development | 584 |
117 Fuel cells | 590 |
Further cells | 595 |
Electrochemical sensors and monitoring techniques | 596 |
123 Ionselective electrodes | 603 |
124 Portable and online devices | 609 |
125 Electrochemical biosensors | 618 |
126 Electrochemical detector cells for highperformance liquid chromatography HPLC | 624 |
127 Miscellaneous | 634 |
636 | |
639 | |
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acid active addition adiponitrile aluminium anode applications battery carbon cathode cell cell voltage Chapter charge chemical chlorine coatings complex components concentration conductivity considered constant containing continuous copper corrosion cost current density depend deposition determined developed discharge distribution effect electrical electrochemical electrode electrode reactions electrolyte electroplating energy equation evolution example flow geometry give heat hence hydrogen hydroxide important improve increase industry involve layer lead limiting major manufacture mass transport material measured mechanical membrane metal methods occur operation organic overall overpotential oxidation oxygen particularly performance plant plating porous positive possible potential practice present problems protection range reaction reactor reduction relatively removal resistance result selectivity separator shown shows sodium solution species steel surface Table tank temperature transfer types typical unit usually volume
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