INTRODUCTION TO SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSINGWith an interesting approach to educate the students in signals and systems, and digital signal processing simultaneously, this book not only provides a comprehensive introduction to the basic concepts of the subject but also offers a practical treatment of the modern concepts of digital signal processing. Written in a cogent and lucid manner, the book is addressed to the needs of undergraduate engineering students of electrical, electronics, and computer disciplines, for a first course in signals and digital signal processing. |
Common terms and phrases
2π π analog signal cascade form cepstrum circuit circular convolution complex multiplications computation decimation described developed DFT of x(k difference equation digital signal processing direct form structure discrete Fourier transform discrete signal discrete time signal discrete time system Example exponential signal expressed FFT algorithm final value theorem finite FIR filter Fourier series Hence I₁ IDFT IIR system impulse response integer interpolation invariant system jsin K₁ K₂ Laplace transform lattice structure linear N-point DFT one-sided Z-transform output periodic processors pulse quantization Radix-4 region of convergence sampling rate conversion sequence x(k shown in Figure signal x(n Solution Suppose symmetry T-section termed transform of x(n unit circle V₁ V₂ Vo(n voltage W₁(n W₂(n waveform Wo(n X₁ x₁(k X₁(n X₁(Z Z-parameter Z-transform Z-transform of x(K Z₁ Z₂ zero π π Σ Σ
Popular passages
Page 374 - The sampling frequency F must be at least twice the highest frequency in the signal to recover completely the continuous signal from the sample counterpart.
Page 374 - F(n) will appear as lower frequency component in DFT. Hence, the outcome is frequency aliasing. There is no way to correct the data after the sampling has been performed. The usual solution to this problem is to use a low pass analog filter that eliminates all frequency above F/2 before sampling, where F is the sampling rate. The...
Page 175 - ... 4) are proper. If we have to integrate an improper fraction, we begin by performing long division until we reach a remainder of degree less than that of the denominator. By this process any improper rational function may be expressed as the sum of a polynomial and a proper rational function.
Page 113 - ... waveform is the instantaneous sum of all the action potentials generated at any given time. Because these action potentials occur in both positive and negative polarities at a given pair of electrodes, they sometimes add and sometimes cancel. Thus the EMG waveform appears very much like a random noise waveform with the energy of the signal a function of the amount of muscle activity and electrode placement. Typical EMG waveforms are shown in Figure 3.9. Methods and instrumentation for measuring...
Page 371 - ECGs along three axes at right angles to one another and displaying any two of these ECGs as a vector display on an XY oscilloscope. The heart vector, however, is a three-dimensional variable and three views or projections on orthogonal planes are necessary to describe the variable in two-dimensional figures.
Page 137 - A system is said to be causal if its output at any time, say, t\ (or k\ ) depends only on values of the input evaluated for t < t\ (for ksk\).
Page 374 - Transformation (DFT) and it can compute the discrete Fourier transform much more rapidly than other available algorithm.
Page 374 - Fourier series, in the form of sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal signals with welldefined frequencies. Owing to the fact that the transient signals are not periodic, their Fourier transform exists only if the buffer form of the transform is applied. But when the signals are not continuous in time...
Page 374 - ... For speeding up discrete Fourier transform computation, Fast Fourier transform is applied. It is an algorithm of calculation procedure for obtaining the discrete Fourier transform with a greatly reduced number of arithmetic operations compared with the direct evaluation.
Page 375 - ... overall level of vibration velocity is calculated, first by generating the effective value of the individual harmonic vibration components as given by the following equation 1/2 where Vie is effective value of/* harmonic vibration component.