Metropolitan Governance and Spatial Planning: Comparative Case Studies of European City-regionsW. G. M. Salet, Andy Thornley, Anton Kreukels Metropolitan Governance and Spatial Planning explores the relationship between metropolitan decision-making and strategies to co-ordinate spatial policy. This relationship is examined across 20 cities of Europe and the similarities and differences analysed. Cities are having to formulate their urban policies in a very complex and turbulent environment. They are faced with numerous new pressures and problems and these often create contradictory conditions. The book provides a theoretical framework for exploring these issues and links this to a detailed investigation of each city. In the context of globalisation, cities in the last twenty years have experienced new patterns of activity and these usually transcend political boundaries. The management of these changes therefore requires an effort of co-ordination and different cities have found different approaches. However the institutional setting itself has not remained static. The nation states in Europe have handed over many responsibilities to the European Union while also increasing devolution to regions and cities. Government has therefore become a more complex multi-level activity. There has also been the move from government to governance. Many different public, quasi-public and private bodies are now involved in making decisions that affect urban development. Metropolitan governance is therefore also a complex multi-actor process. In these conditions of fragmented governance and the widening spatial networking of urban development, the issue of policy co-ordination become ever more important. The exploration of the 20 cities shows that many face similar difficulties while some also provide interesting examples of innovative practice. The book concludes that the way forward is to find strategies to link the different spheres of metropolitan action through 'organising connectivity'. |
Contents
Contributors | ix |
Preface | xiii |
1 Institutional and spatial | 3 |
2 | 20 |
3 London | 41 |
4 | 57 |
5 | 77 |
6 The Stockholm region | 91 |
Table 132 continued | 218 |
14 Metropolitan governance | 230 |
Table 141 The main planning periods since 1857 | 232 |
15 Venice | 244 |
Figure 151 Venice and its metropolitan region | 245 |
Table 152 Commuters flows within the Venice metropolitan area | 249 |
Table 153 Employment in the Venice area by position | 250 |
Table 156 Medium prices for dwelling in different types of | 253 |
Uppsala | 96 |
7 Berlin | 113 |
8 The Frankfurt RhineMain | 125 |
9 The Hanover metropolitan | 145 |
10 Governance in the | 163 |
11 Amsterdam and the north | 175 |
12 Rotterdam and the south | 189 |
North Wing | 190 |
13 The Prague metropolitan | 205 |
Table 131 Summary of major urban issues in | 212 |
Side effects of | 213 |
16 The region of Milan | 264 |
17 Paris ÎledeFrance | 287 |
18 Brussels | 301 |
1000m | 317 |
19 MarseillesAix | 320 |
20 The case of Barcelona | 337 |
Housing units per 1000 | 344 |
1999 | 346 |
21 Metropolitan government | 359 |
22 Practices of metropolitan | 377 |
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activities actors administrative airport Amsterdam association authorities autonomous Baden-Württemberg Barcelona Berlin Birmingham Brandenburg Brussels capital region Cardiff metropolitan region Catalonia cent central city central government coalition communities competition cooperation coordination core CRIF cultural decentralisation Development Plan district economic development elected environment established Europe Frankfurt functional global globalisation green belt growth Hanover region housing Île-de-France implementation important increasing industrial infrastructure initiatives institutional integration investment issues land located London Madrid major Marseilles mayor metropolitan area metropolitan governance Milan municipalities national government networks organisation political population Prague private sector problems programmes projects promote province public transport Randstad Region Stuttgart Regional Development regional government regional level regional planning residential responsible role Rotterdam social spatial development spatial planning spatial policy Stockholm strategic planning strategy structure Stuttgart Stuttgart region suburbanisation territorial unitary urban development urban planning urban region urbanisation Venice Wales West Midlands West Midlands region