Modeling and Simulation of Mineral Processing SystemsWith information presented in a pedagogical style that should be suitable for those who wish to learn methods that have evolved in the field, this text covers all aspects of modelling and simulation in the field of mineral processing. As well as quantitative modelling of mineral processing equipment, the book also addresses the use of these models to simulate the actual behaviour of ore dressing and coal washing as they are configured to work in industrial practice. Wherever possible, model structure is related to the underlying physical processes that govern the behaviour of particulate material in the processing equipment. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Bibliography | 4 |
Particle populations and distribution functions | 5 |
22 Distribution functions | 6 |
23 The distribution density function | 13 |
25 Distributions based on particle composition | 16 |
26 Joint distribution functions | 17 |
27 Conditional distribution functions | 19 |
514 Models for the breakage function in autogenous and semiautogenous mills | 201 |
515 Mill power and mill selection 5 15 1 The Bond method | 202 |
516 The batch mill | 205 |
Bibliography | 209 |
References | 210 |
Solidliquid separation | 213 |
62 Useful models for the sedimentation velocity | 219 |
63 Simulation of continuous thickener operation | 220 |
28 Independence | 31 |
29 Distributions by number | 32 |
210 Internal and external particle coordinate and distribution densities | 34 |
211 Particle properties derived from internal coordinates | 35 |
213 The fundamental population balance equation | 36 |
214 The general population balance equation for comminution machines | 40 |
Bibliography | 42 |
References | 43 |
Mineral liberation | 45 |
31 The beta distribution for mineral liberation | 46 |
32 Graphical representation of the liberation distribution | 49 |
33 Quantitative prediction of mineral liberation | 51 |
34 Simulating mineral liberation during comminution | 58 |
35 Nonrandom fracture | 69 |
36 Discretized AndrewsMika diagram | 72 |
37 Symbols used in this chapter | 79 |
References | 80 |
Size classification | 81 |
42 The classification function | 86 |
43 A simple kinetic model for screening | 91 |
44 Classification based on differential settling the hydrocyclone | 98 |
45 Terminal settling velocity | 102 |
46 Capacity limitations of the hydrocyclone | 124 |
References | 125 |
Comminution operations | 127 |
52 Patterns of fracture when a single particle breaks | 129 |
53 Breakage probability and particle fracture energy | 132 |
54 Progeny size distribution when a single particle breaks the breakage function | 136 |
55 Energy requirements for comminution | 150 |
56 Crushing machines | 152 |
57 Grinding | 160 |
58 The continuous mill | 174 |
59 Mixing characteristics of operating mills | 179 |
510 Models for rod mills | 180 |
511 The population balance model for autogenous mills | 181 |
512 Models for the specific rate of breakage in ball mills | 187 |
513 Models for the specific rate of breakage in autogenous and semiautogenous mills | 197 |
64 Mechanical dewatering of slurries 647 Dewatering screens | 223 |
65 Filtration | 227 |
Bibliography | 230 |
References | 231 |
Gravity separation | 233 |
72 Quantitative models for densemedia separators | 234 |
73 Autogenous media separators | 243 |
74 Generalized partition function models for gravity separation units | 263 |
Bibliography | 266 |
Magnetic separation | 269 |
82 Forces experienced by a particle in a magnetic field | 272 |
83 Magnetic properties of minerals | 277 |
84 Magnetic separating machines | 278 |
85 Dry magnetic separation | 283 |
86 Wet high intensity magnetic separation | 287 |
Bibliography | 288 |
Flotation | 289 |
91 A kinetic approach to flotation modeling | 290 |
92 A kinetic model for flotation | 293 |
93 Distributed rate constant kinetic model for flotation | 307 |
94 Bubble loading during flotation | 309 |
95 Rise times of loaded bubbles | 312 |
96 Particle detachment | 321 |
97 The froth phase | 323 |
98 Simplified kinetic models for flotation | 337 |
99 Symbols used in this chapter | 346 |
Bibliography | 347 |
References | 348 |
Simulation of ore dressing plants | 351 |
102 Use of the simulator | 354 |
103 The flowsheet structure | 355 |
104 Simulation of single unit operations and simple flowsheets | 363 |
105 Integrated flowsheets | 371 |
106 Symbols used in this chapter | 393 |
Composition and specific gravities of some common minerals | 395 |
| 399 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Andrews-Mika diagram autogenous average ball mill behavior beta distribution breakage function bubble surface calculated circuit coal collision comminution composition concentration cone coordinate crusher Cumulative distribution cut point defined described dewatering diameter discharge distribution density distribution function drag coefficient Equation factor feed flotation cell flow flowrate flowsheet froth phase hydrocyclone impact energy impact event kg/m³ kinetic lamellar films liberation distributions load log-normal distribution magnetic field magnetic separator magnetite material measured medium mesh method mineral liberation mineral processing mineralogical MODSIM parameters parent particle Particle grade particle population particles of type partition curve partition function phase space plant Plateau borders population balance potential flow progeny particles pulp phase rate of breakage represents screen shown in Figure simulation single particle slurry solid specific gravity specific rate stratification terminal settling velocity texture thickener type ij underflow unit operations volume volumetric
Popular passages
Page 349 - Characterization of materials by Hallimond tube flotation. Part 2, maximum size of floating and contact angle.