Natural Products IsolationRichard J. P. Cannell This volume presents techniques for the extraction and purification of natural products from all biological materials. It opens with methods for approaching the isolation and preparation of the intial extract. Methods for the purification of isolated products follow, including chromatography column, HPLC, ion-exchange chromatography, and crystallization final stages. Protocols for developing the purified product into a useable form are then discussed including desalting, drying and freeze-drying techniques. The final section of the book concerns the identification and analysis of the extracted product utilizing chemical tests. Special attention is given to the analysis of water soluble products, special problems associated with extracting plants, and large scale extraction. The last two chapters cover the development of the extracted product into a commercially usable form and the random isolation of microbial metabolites. This manual elucidates all the relevant techniques and issues addressed by researchers involved in the isolation and purification of natural methods. |
Contents
How to Approach the Isolation of a Natural Product | 1 |
Initial Extraction and Product Capture | 53 |
Supercritical Fluid Methods | 91 |
Isolation by LowPressure Column Chromatography | 111 |
Isolation by IonExchange Methods | 141 |
Isolation by Preparative HPLC | 165 |
Isolation by Planar Chromatography | 209 |
Separation by HighSpeed Countercurrent Chromatography | 247 |
Contributors | ix |
How to Approach the Isolation of a Natural Product | 1 |
Initial Extraction and Product Capture | 53 |
Supercritical Fluid Methods | 91 |
Isolation by LowPressure Column Chromatography | 111 |
Isolation by IonExchange Methods | 141 |
Isolation by Preparative HPLC | 165 |
Isolation by Planar Chromatography | 209 |
Crystallization and Final Stages of Purification | 261 |
Dereplication and Partial Identification of Natural Products | 279 |
Purification of WaterSoluble Natural Products | 329 |
Special Problems with the Extraction of Plants | 343 |
Isolation of Marine Natural Products | 365 |
ScaleUp of Natural Products Isolation | 409 |
FollowUp of Natural Product Isolation | 425 |
Index | 465 |
Preface | v |
Contents | vii |
Separation by HighSpeed Countercurrent Chromatography | 247 |
Crystallization and Final Stages of Purification | 261 |
Dereplication and Partial Identification of Natural Products | 279 |
Purification of WaterSoluble Natural Products | 329 |
Special Problems with the Extraction of Plants | 343 |
Isolation of Marine Natural Products | 365 |
ScaleUp of Natural Products Isolation | 409 |
FollowUp of Natural Product Isolation | 425 |
| 465 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acetonitrile acid adsorbent adsorption alkaloids analytical Antibiot approx aqueous assay bioactive bioassay biological activity biosynthesis biotransformation buffer carbon cell centrifugation CHâ‚‚ Chem chemical column components compounds concentration containing crude crystals dereplication detection eluent elution enzymes ethyl acetate EtOAc example fermentation broth filter filtration flow rate fractions gradient groups hexane HPLC increase interactions ion-exchange ionization ions marine medium MeOH metabolism methanol method microbial mixture mobile phase molecular molecules natural products Natural Products Isolation nonpolar normal phase OH OH OH organic solvent packing material particle peak plant polar preparative HPLC Prod PTLC pump purification reagent resin result retention reverse phase sample Scheme secondary metabolites selectivity separation Sephadex silica gel solid solid phase extraction solubility solution solvent extraction sorbent specific sponge squalestatins stationary phase Streptomyces structure Subheading supercritical fluid tannins technique temperature tion TLC plate volume