Recent Advances in Metrology and Fundamental Constants: Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 25 July-4 August 2000

Front Cover
Terry J. Quinn, T. J. Quinn, Sigfrido Leschiutta, P. Tavella, Società italiana di fisica
IOS Press, 2001 - Measurement - 827 pages
Over the last decade of the 20th century, many improvements took place in the field of metrology and fundamental constants. These developments and improvements are discussed in this book. The old caesium SI second definition has found a new realization with the fountain approach, replacing the classical thermal atomic beam. The use of cold atom techniques, slowed down and cooled, has opened a number of unexpected avenues for metrology and fundamental constants, one of these possibilities being the atom interferometry. Another development was the demonstration of the possiblility of performing a direct frequency division in the visible, using short femtosecond pulses. Many other developments are also discussed.
 

Contents

Femtosecond light pulses
3
The role of the fundamental constants in the gap between the national stan
4
Units outside the
9
The various faces of the modelling problem
11
MILLS Physical quantities and units
27
Coherent systems of units
33
On the number of independent base quantities and units
39
S LESCHIUTTA
51
158
347
Deceleration and cooling of an atomic beam
356
41
362
Coherent manipulation of BoseEinstein condensates with light
374
Nonlinear atom optics with BoseEinstein condensates
383
J VANIER
397
Other microwave frequency standards
440
Incidence on the study of fundamental physical phenomena and determination
447

Modern approach
58
The theory of measurement
64
Measurement in manufacturing industries
74
Conclusions
80
Signal processing
87
B W PETLEY I The fundamental constants and physics
93
61
109
The fundamental constants and mass measurement
126
The fundamental constants and temperature measurement
134
Conclusion
138
Introduction
157
Other measurements providing information about
170
Basic applications of speedofsound measurements
177
Theoretical basis of measurement
204
Improving the accuracy of helium spectroscopy
234
R S DAVIS Mass metrology
241
Conclusion
260
B JECKELMANN The quantum Hall effect and its application in metrology
263
The QHE and fundamental constants
282
MARK W KELLER
291
FORT F MINARDI M MODUGNO and M INGUSCIO
297
SET current standard
306
ANDREONE
317
Josephson array voltage standard for 10 V
327
Programmable Josephson voltage standards
335
Predictive modellinga basic principle for model building
337
Conclusions
344
The meter prototype 18891960
455
Optical frequency synthesis
456
2
503
45
513
Metrological properties of scanning probe microscopesstate of the
531
N P Fox Developments in optical radiometry
537
Applications of cryogenic radiometers
547
Thermal radiometry
555
8
561
Traceability
567
P WOLF Relativity and metrology
575
Some coordinate systems and metric tensors
584
Gravitational wave detection using gyroscopes
593
P WOLF Relativity with clocks in space
599
laboratory test of a proposed
645
W BICH Estimation and uncertainty in metrology
653
The method of Jacobians
680
Conclusion
685
pag
689
pag
747
The Faraday constant
763
71
778
F T ARECCHI Chaos metrology and fundamental constants
781
The logistic
791
Synchronization of homoclinic chaos
798
Elenco dei partecipanti
816
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