Recent Advances in Metrology and Fundamental Constants: Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 25 July-4 August 2000Over the last decade of the 20th century, many improvements took place in the field of metrology and fundamental constants. These developments and improvements are discussed in this book. The old caesium SI second definition has found a new realization with the fountain approach, replacing the classical thermal atomic beam. The use of cold atom techniques, slowed down and cooled, has opened a number of unexpected avenues for metrology and fundamental constants, one of these possibilities being the atom interferometry. Another development was the demonstration of the possiblility of performing a direct frequency division in the visible, using short femtosecond pulses. Many other developments are also discussed. |
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Contents
T J QUINN The international system of units SI the last ten years | 3 |
History of the development of the SI | 4 |
The two classes of SI units | 6 |
The SI prefixes | 8 |
Units outside the SI | 9 |
T J QUINN The organization of metrology | 11 |
The metre convention | 13 |
The 21st CGPM | 16 |
P CANCIO F MINARDI and M INGUSCIO Finestructure constant a | 217 |
R S DAVIS Mass metrology | 241 |
B JECKELMANN The quantum Hall effect and its application in metrology | 263 |
MARK W KELLER Standards of current and capacitance based on single | 291 |
New applications | 317 |
Programmable Josephson voltage standards | 335 |
K HELMERSON and W D PHILLIPS Cooling trapping and manipulation | 349 |
Deceleration and cooling of an atomic beam | 356 |
The broader organization of metrology | 20 |
International collaboration in metrology through regional cooperations | 22 |
The CIPM MRA | 23 |
Conclusions | 25 |
MILLS Physical quantities and units | 27 |
Preamble | 28 |
Quantities | 30 |
Units | 31 |
Coherent systems of units | 33 |
Dimensions | 34 |
The SI prefixes | 38 |
On the number of independent base quantities and units | 39 |
Electromagnetic quantities and units | 41 |
S LESCHIUTTA Metrology and the logic of physics | 51 |
T J QUINN Measurement and society | 73 |
B W PETLEY I The fundamental constants and physics | 93 |
B W PETLEY II The fundamental constants and metrology | 121 |
T J QUINN The Newtonian constant of gravitation G | 147 |
B W PETLEY III The Planck constant | 157 |
G MANA The Avogadro constant pag | 177 |
GAVIOSO Determination of the universal gas constant R and other | 195 |
SubDoppler laser cooling | 367 |
Basic physics and impact | 397 |
J HELMCKE and F RIEHLE Physics behind the definition of the meter | 453 |
G WILKENING Optical and mechanical metrology | 495 |
G WILKENING Nanometrology | 519 |
N P Fox Developments in optical radiometry | 537 |
P WOLF Relativity and metrology pag | 575 |
P WOLF Relativity with clocks in space | 599 |
laboratory test of a proposed | 645 |
W BICH Estimation and uncertainty in metrology | 653 |
| 687 | |
Guide | 689 |
Models | 696 |
Predictive modellinga basic principle for model building | 704 |
SERGIENKO Quantum metrology with entangled photons | 715 |
T W HÄNSCH R HOLZWARTH J REICHERT and Th UDEM Measuring | 747 |
FORT F MINARDI M MODUGNO and M INGUSCIO Experiments with | 765 |
Ramseytype interferometer with BECs | 773 |
F T ARECCHI Chaos metrology and fundamental constants | 781 |
Elenco dei partecipanti | 816 |
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy achieved allow applications array atoms balance beam bodies calculated calibration cavity charge clock compared considered constant cooling defined definition density depends described determination developed device direction effect electric electron energy equations error estimate example experimental experiments expressed field force frequency fundamental constants given gravitational IEEE important improved International Italy Josephson junctions laboratory laser length Lett light limit magnetic mass means Meas measurements method metrology microwave observed obtained operation optical parameters phase Phys physics position possible potential practical present principle pulse pump quantities quantum radiation range ratio realization reduced reference relative resistance resonance respect shift shown shows signal spectral stability standard step temperature theory Trans transfer transition trap uncertainty units Universe voltage wave
Bibliographic information
| Title | Recent Advances in Metrology and Fundamental Constants: Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 25 July-4 August 2000 Volume 146 of Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi", Scuola Internazionale di Fisica Enrico Fermi, ISSN 0074-784X |
| Author | Patrizia Tavella |
| Editors | Terry J. Quinn, T. J. Quinn, Sigfrido Leschiutta, Patrizia Tavella, Società italiana di fisica |
| Edition | illustrated |
| Publisher | IOS Press, 2001 |
| ISBN | 1586031678, 9781586031671 |
| Length | 827 pages |
| Subjects | › Science / General |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |