Risk Communication: A Mental Models ApproachPeople today must make decisions about many health, safety, and environmental risks. Nuclear power, HIV/AIDS, radon, vaccines, climate change, and emerging infectious diseases are just some issues that may face them in the news media, ballot box, or doctor's office. In order to make sound choices they need to get good information. Because their time is limited, that information has to be carefully selected and clearly presented. This book provides a systematic approach for risk communicators and technical experts, hoping to serve the public by providing information about risks. The procedure uses approaches from risk and decision analysis to identify the most relevant information; it uses approaches from psychology and communication theory to ensure that it is understood. This book is written in nontechnical terms, designed to make the approach feasible for anyone willing to try it. It is illustrated with successful communications, on a variety of topics. |
Contents
I | |
II | |
III | |
IV | |
V | 4 |
VI | 9 |
VII | 11 |
VIII | 12 |
XXXI | 87 |
XXXII | 88 |
XXXIII | 90 |
XXXIV | 93 |
XXXV | 94 |
XXXVI | 96 |
XXXVII | 101 |
XXXVIII | 102 |
IX | 13 |
X | 14 |
XI | 15 |
XII | 16 |
XIII | 17 |
XIV | 18 |
XV | 22 |
XVI | 23 |
XVII | 32 |
XVIII | 44 |
XIX | 53 |
XX | 55 |
XXI | 60 |
XXIII | 64 |
XXIV | 66 |
XXV | 68 |
XXVI | 69 |
XXVII | 72 |
XXVIII | 74 |
XXIX | 80 |
XXX | 85 |
XXXIX | 106 |
XL | 110 |
XLI | 115 |
XLII | 129 |
XLIII | 141 |
XLIV | 142 |
XLV | 148 |
XLVI | 149 |
XLVII | 154 |
XLVIII | 157 |
XLIX | 161 |
L | 163 |
LI | 169 |
LII | 170 |
LIII | 172 |
LV | 227 |
LVI | 281 |
LVII | 299 |
LVIII | 307 |
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60 Hz fields abatement appliances asked associated Atman atmosphere average Baruch Fischhoff behavior beliefs Bostrom Bruine cancer carbon dioxide Carnegie Mellon University cause cells climate change concepts condoms cost created decisions Details Booklet developed disease earth electric and magnetic electric blankets electric field electric power emissions Environmental evaluation example expert model exposed factors False field exposure field strength fields from electric fields pose Figure Fischhoff frequency global warming greenhouse effect greenhouse gas groups heat HIV/AIDS impacts influence diagram IPCC leukemia magnetic fields Maharik measurements mental models approach mental models interviews misconceptions Morgan node ozone plants Policy power lines power-frequency probably problems produce provides questionnaire questions radon reduce respondents Results labeled Risk Analysis risk communication sample scientists sea level sea level rise Slovic structure studies SUMMARY teens things tion topics understanding weather