The CatScribner's, 1881 - 557 pages |
Common terms and phrases
action alimentary canal already animal anterior appears arch arises artery articular surface attached axis backwards becomes beneath blood body bone bony branches called canal cartilage cat's cavity cells close complete concave condyle connected consists contains continuous convex descends described digits directed distal divided dorsal extends extensor external fibres fifth flexor foramen forwards fossa four fourth front frontal function gives glands groove head hinder inferior inner inserted internal invests joins larger lateral layer less ligament limbs lower margin mass median membrane middle minute muscle muscular nasal nerve neural opening opposite orbit organs origin outer outwards passes placed plate portion posterior projects prominence proximal ribs ridge root rounded seen separated side skeleton skull slightly smaller spine structure substance surface takes tendon termed third tissue transverse process tube tuberosity upper upwards veins ventral vertebrę vessels wall
Popular passages
Page 373 - It would be incompatible with everything we know of the cerebral action, to suppose that the physical chain ends abruptly in a physical void, occupied by an immaterial substance; which immaterial substance, after working alone, imparts its results to the other edge of the physical break, and determines the active response — two shores of the material with an intervening ocean of the immaterial.
Page 378 - ... knowledge of what has been communicated which sets him in motion. To deny this is to deny the evident teaching of our consciousness. It is to deny what is necessarily the more certain in favour of what is less so. If I do not know this I know nothing, and discussion is useless. As a distinguished writer has said : ' That we are conscious, and that our actions are determined by sensations, emotions, and ideas, are facts which may or may not be explained by reference to material conditions, but...
Page ix - ... but the subject has been so treated as to fit it also to serve as an introduction to Zoology generally, and even to Biology itself...
Page 365 - The cat has a language of sounds and gestures to express its feelings and emotions. So have we. But we have further — which neither the cat, nor the bird, nor the beast has — a language and gestures to express our thoughts.
Page 377 - ... the surface which is wet or rough, the change in feeling thus produced, although a collateral product of the movement, instantly changes the direction of the hand, suspends or alters the course — that is to say, the collateral product of one movement becomes a directing factor in Hie succeeding mouement."* Mr. Lewes' view is thus virtually identical with the views of Air.
Page 367 - For instance let a dog be lost by his mistress in a field in -which he has never been before. The presence of the group of sensations which we know to indicate his mistress is associated with pleasure, and its absence with pain. By past experience an association has been formed between this feeling of pain and such movements of the head as tend to recover some part of that group, its recovery being again associated with movements which, de facto, diminish tne distance between the dog and his mistress.
Page 377 - ... surface, there is, accompanying this movement, a succession of muscular and tactile feelings which may be said to be collateral products. But the feeling which accompanies one muscular contraction is itself the stimulus of the next contraction ; if anywhere during the passage the hand comes upon a spot...
Page 375 - verification by sensation,' and yet even in such verification the ultimate appeal is not really to the senses, but to the intellect, which may doubt and which criticises and judges the actions and suggestions of the senses and imagination. Though no knowledge is possible for us which is not genetically traceable to sensation, yet the ground of all our developed knowledge is not sensational, but intellectual, and its final justification depends, and must depend, not on ' feelings,
Page 258 - D, the nerve-roots and ganglion are shown from below. 1, the anterior median fissure ; 2, posterior median fissure ; 3, anterior lateral depression, over which the anterior nerve-roots are seen to spread ; 4, posterior lateral groove, into which the posterior roots are seen to sink ; 5, anterior roots passing the ganglion ; 5', in A, the anterior root divided ; 6, the posterior roots, the fibres of which pass into the ganglion 6...
Page 381 - Although these are incited by physical agents (just as analogous kinds of movements are in animals), and cannot be the result of anything like volition, yet nearly all of them are inexplicable on mechanical principles. Some of them at least are spontaneous motions of the plant or organism itself, due to some inherent power which is merely put in action by light, attraction, or other external influences.