The Chickasaw Freedmen: A People Without a Country"Between 1837 and the outbreak of the American Civil War, the Chickasaw Indians experienced the social discontinuity of removal from their traditional homelands in Mississippi to the Indian Territory, built a new life for themselves on the new lands, and established the Chickasaw Nation. During this period were to be found the roots of some of the most complex social problems that the tribe had to face between 1866 and 1906, when the tribal government was dissolved. One of the most difficult and perhaps the most perplexing problem of all--the posture assumed by the Chickasaw people and their government toward the persons of African descent who lived among them--grew out of the institution of slavery, which flourished in the Chickasaw Nation in the prewar years. The history of the Chickasaw freedmen from the end of the Civil War until 1906 has been eclipsed by the story of the former slaves and their descendants among other tribes, such as the Creeks and Cherokees. Their history has also been more obscure than that of the other freedman groups in the Indian Territory, for during the time that they lived in the Chickasaw Nation they had no citizenship; they were literally a people without a country"--Preface (page xi) |
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59 Cong adopt the freedmen Agent allotments Annual Report April Arbuckle Archives Microfilm Publications Archives Record Group Ardmore asaw asked Atoka August Baptist blacks Boggy Depot Charles Cohee Cherokee Chicka Chickasaw and Choctaw Chickasaw country Chickasaw freedmen Chickasaw legislature Chickasaw Nation Chickasha Choctaw and Chickasaw Choctaw freedmen Choctaw Nation church cited as Annual citizenship claimed Colbert Congress courts Creek Daily Ardmoreite Dawes Commission December delegates Document 166 Ealy enrollment February February 26 Five Civilized Tribes Fort Arbuckle Fort Smith freed hereafter cited Hiram Price Ibid Indian Affairs Indian Office Indian Territory Interior January July June Kemp land Land Letter laws Letters Received Letters Sent Love March Marston ment mission missionaries Morehouse Mullen Muskogee National Archives Record negroes noncitizens October Oklahoma Pauls Valley Red River removal rolls Sanborn schools Secretary Seminole Senate Document September Sess slaves Smith teachers tion Tishomingo Treaty of 1866 tribal United Washington whites