A. albida , a N - fixing tree widespread in arid and semi - arid Africa , keeps its foliage through the dry season and only sheds its leaves at the beginning of the growing season , therefore there is no competition for water or ...

growth , a weak stem , and light green leaves . ... Some trees flowered only in the first months anden no more . ... If the right policy was followed on a coffee estate , the common lamtoro gave much more firewood than was needed for ...

More than 70 species of shade trees were identified in the plots of the 60 farmers . ... sepium ) is recognized by some farmers as a species that contributes organic fertilizer , Inga spp . is only attributed use as shade and firewood .

... provide not only shade and support to the climbing crops , but additional services or products such as fuel wood ... the branchlets usually glabrous ; leaves deciduous , the leaflets usually 5-7 , mostly 5-12 cm . long , more or ...

LESSONS LEARNED This section is based primarily on the experiences of the fuelwood project during the period from 1980 ... This continuity does not just happen -- it must be nurtured and built up gradually over the life of the project .

Calliandra calothrysus Not as ornamental as the 2 species of Calliandra on campus , campus , but more more used in used in agroforestry and home ... Only one Need more of this common fuelwood , house pole and erosion control genus .

The climate of most of the semi - arid tropics is monsoonal , with over 90 % of the rainfall occurring in the period of ... a N - fixing tree widespread in arid and semi - arid Africa , keeps its foliage through the dry season and only ...

Only the tree cuttings had to be obtained from outside sources since those in the TSFS were not ready to be used as ... due to lopping of shrubs and trees , which provided branches for firewood as well as leaves for the cattle .

Only 0.04 % of this crop is consumed ( Costa Rica , 1974 ) or sold in the nearby towns in a form of brown sugar processed ... banana ( Musa sapientum ) or plantain ( Musa paradisiaca ) plants are are the most commonly used shade tree .

The development of new research methodologies has been an evolutive process as errors were recognized in various ... Pre - Columbian times among the most significant being cacao grown under shade of Gliricidia sepium and other trees ...