Liberation is done by girdling , or if permitted , poisongirdling , some two or three or more large trees , which are ... With respect to sustained yield however , this system is still more secure than planting of homogeneous or mixed ...

Some even question the great advisability of any intensive coffee growing now . ... There are a few good plantings , but not many . ... In three cases severe losses were noted from a curious " surface girdle " trouble .

The negative basal area and volume increments for all species over the 4 year period in Lesong Forest Reserve were attributed to poison - girdling of marked trees which were left unfelled during harvesting , after the first enumeration ...

In this land use system light harvests of high quality stemwood take place every 20 - 30 years . Small additional interferences ... Trees are not felled in this treatment but killed by girdling , with or without the use of herbicides .