The Rhine: An Eco-biography, 1815-2000The Rhine River is Europe’s most important commercial waterway, channeling the flow of trade among Switzerland, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. In this innovative study, Mark Cioc focuses on the river from the moment when the Congress of Vienna established a multinational commission charged with making the river more efficient for purposes of trade and commerce in 1815. He examines the engineering and administrative decisions of the next century and a half that resulted in rapid industrial growth as well as profound environmental degradation, and highlights the partially successful restoration efforts undertaken from the 1970s to the present. |
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Aare Alpenrhein Alpine Alsace arsenic Baden banks Basel began Beiträge zur Rheinkunde Bingen biological century channel Chemical Industry chloride cities coal Cologne construction cooperative cubic meters dams downstream Duisburg dumping Düsseldorf Dutch Ecological Emscher environmental Erft Europe Europe's European factories firms fish flood floodplain flow forests France French German Geschichte Grand Canal d'Alsace gravel habitat hectares High Rhine Hinterrhein human hydrodams hydroelectric Ibid ICPR IJsselmeer International iron Koblenz Lake Constance land lignite Lippe Lower Rhine Mannheim Middle Rhine mining Mosel mouth natural navigation Netherlands North Sea nuclear Oberrheins once percent phenol plants pollution problems production Prussian rectification region restoration Rhein Rhin Rhine basin Rhine Commission Rhineland riparian river engineering Rotterdam Ruhr salmon Sandoz shad spawning species square kilometers Strasbourg sulfuric acid Swiss Switzerland tion transportation tributaries Tulla Project Umwelt Upper Rhine upstream urban valley Vorderrhein Waal Wasser waste wastewater water quality Westphalia Wupper