Religion and Politics in the Middle East: Identity, Ideology, Institutions, and Attitudes

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Avalon Publishing, 2014 - Political Science - 360 pages
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This innovative book analyzes the relationship between religion and politics in the Middle East through a comparative study of five countries--Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. Robert D. Lee examines each country in terms of four domains in which state and religion necessarily interact: national identity, ideology, institutions, and political culture. In each domain he considers contradictory hypotheses, some of them asserting that religion is a positive force for political development and others identifying it as an obstacle. Among the questions the book confronts: Is secularization a necessary prerequisite for democratic development? How is it and why is it that religion and politics are so deeply entangled in these five countries? And, why is it that all five countries differ so markedly in the way they identify themselves and use religion for political purposes? The book argues that the nature of religious organization and practice in the Middle East must be understood in the context of individual nation states.

The second edition is updated throughout and includes an entirely new chapter discussing the political and religious climate in Saudi Arabia. Earlier introductory analysis has been condensed to make room for new material, and chronologies at the end of each chapter have been added to help students understand the broader context. The second edition of Religion and Politics in the Middle East is a robust addition to courses on the Middle East.
 

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Contents

The Political Determinants of Religion
1
The Taming of Islam in Egypt
37
The Transformation of Judaism in Israel
79
The Politics of Religion in Secularist Turkey
125
Identity
128
Ideology
137
Institutions
148
Political Culture
155
Identity
220
Ideology
229
Institutions
239
Political Culture
246
Conclusion
255
Chronology
256
Reconciling Religion and Politics
259
Balance
262

Outcomes
160
Conclusion
165
Chronology
167
State Shiism in Iran
169
Identity
171
Institutions
193
Political Culture
205
Conclusion
216
Chronology
218
State Sunnism in Saudi Arabia
219
Identity
269
Ideology
276
Institutions
282
Political Culture
288
Conclusion
293
Notes
295
Glossary
323
Bibliography
327
Index
343
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About the author (2014)

Robert D. Lee is professor of political science at Colorado College. He is the author of Overcoming Tradition and Modernity: The Search for Islamic Authority as well as the translator and editor of Rethinking Islam: Common Questions, Uncommon Answers by Mohammed Arkoun.

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