Ecological Aspects of Polymer Flame RetardancyThe negative environmental impact of some industrial flame retardants containing halogens, heavy metals, etc. has kindled the investigation into new opportunities of polymer flame retardation with a view to ecological protection. This new title deals with the ecological aspects of polymer flame retardation. The book opens with an introduction, describing the ecological concern of flame retardation applications. This is followed by some general concepts of polymer combustion. Subsequent chapters deal with the most important methods for estimating polymer flammability, the mode of action of modern flame retardants, ecological concerns of the most used halogenated flame retardants. The final chapter contains suggestions for and studies of new, ecologically friendly types of flame retardants, such as low melting glass systems, polymer nanocomposites, polymer blends, organic char formers, and silicon-inorganic systems. |
Contents
Some Concepts of Polymer Combustion | 1 |
General Methods for Testing of Polymer | 9 |
Dioxins | 81 |
New Types of Ecologically Friendly | 107 |
Conclusion | 140 |
| 155 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acid Acrylic additives Ah receptor Akzo Nobel Akzo Nobel Fyrol antimony aromatic ASTM atoms bromine burning calorimeter carbon CDDs and CDFs Cellulose char yield chloracne chlorinated combustion of polymer combustion process compositions concentration condensed phase cone calorimeter congeners decomposition dioxin dioxin and related dioxin-like compounds dioxin-like PCBs effects emissions environmental Epoxy exposure fire retardants flame spread flammability formation fuel gas phase gases H₂O halogen heat flux heat of combustion heat release rate human hydrocarbons ignition increase inhibition inhibitor intumescent kW/m² levels m-PPO Magnesium hydroxide mechanism melamine metal NFPA Nylon nylon-6 oxygen index PCBs Phenolic phosphate Akzo Nobel phosphorus compounds plastics PMMA poly(vinyl alcohol Polycarbonate Polyester Polyethylene polymer materials polymeric Polypropylene Polypropylene ABS Polystyrene pyrolysis rate of heat reactions reduce related compounds residue silica gel smoke structure studies surface Table 3.1 continued TCDD temperature test method thermal volatile Zaikov G.E. zinc borate zone
References to this book
Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites Alexander B. Morgan,Charles A. Wilkie No preview available - 2007 |