The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European RootsFully revised and updated, THE AMERICAN HERITAGE(R) DICTIONARY OF INDO-EUROPEAN ROOTS remains an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the history of English and its place in the Indo-European language family. More than 13,000 words are traced to their origins in Proto-Indo-European, the prehistoric ancestor of English that was spoken before the advent of writing. In Calvert Watkins's skilled hands, Proto-Indo-European language and society are rendered as alive and compelling as they must have been six thousand years ago. His introductory essay shows how words in an unrecorded ancient language can be reconstructed and offers a wealth of fascinating information about Proto-Indo-European culture. The dictionary that follows contains nearly 1,350 reconstructed roots, plus two dozen new "Language and Culture" notes that explore interesting sidelights to the etymologies presented in many entries. |
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Common terms and phrases
adjective akin to Old ancient animal appear attested base Basic form becoming borrowed branch bright causative Celtic colored comparative cover Culture denominative derivative dialectal European expressive Extended form extended root feminine fixed form full-grade form Germanic compound Germanic suffixed form give Greek hence Hittite hold Indo-European Iranian land languages Late Latin lengthened lish manic meaning metathesized Middle Dutch Middle English Middle Low German nominative North Note noun Old Eng Old English Old French Old High German Old Irish Old Norse Oldest form originally perhaps Persian personal name phrase piece plural Pokorny Possibly prefix present probably Proto-Indo-European reconstructed Reduplicated referring root Russian Sanskrit Scandinavian source akin shine Slavic sound speak stem strike Suffixed form Suffixed o-grade form Suffixed variant form Suffixed zero-grade form term thing turn variant form various verb verbal vowels whence word