Surveying Theory and Practice |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
accidental errors adjustment alidade altitude azimuth bearing bench marks boundaries bubble calculated celestial sphere chaining circle computed contour contour lines corner correction cross-hairs cross-section curvature curve described in Art determined difference in elevation direction dumpy level earth employed ephemeris equation error of closure established example eyepiece feet field figure foresight distances given grade graduated ground Gunter's chain head chainman hence horizontal angle horizontal distance hour angle instrument intersection interval land level tube line of sight logarithm mean measured meridian method miles notes observed offsets parallel perpendicular plane plane table plotted plumb plumb line position precision probable error protractor refraction rod reading scale screws shown side slide rule slope stake solar stadia star surface surveyor surveys systematic errors taken tangent tape length telescope tion topographic township traverse triangle turning points usually vernier vertical angle wyes zero