The Pursuit of Justice: Supreme Court Decisions that Shaped America, Volume 35With a survey of the thirty Supreme Court cases that, in the opinion of U.S. Supreme Court justices and leading civics educators and legal historians, are the most important for American citizens to understand, The Pursuit of Justice is the perfect companion for those wishing to learn more about American civics and government. The cases range across three centuries of American history, including such landmarks as Marbury v. Madison (1803), which established the principle of judicial review; Scott v. Sandford (1857), which inflamed the slavery argument in the United States and led to the Civil War; Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which memorialized the concept of separate but equal; and Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which overturned Plessy. Dealing with issues of particular concern to students, such as voting, school prayer, search and seizure, and affirmative action, and broad democratic concepts such as separation of powers, federalism, and separation of church and state, the book covers all the major cases specified in the national and state civics and American history standards.For each case, there is an introductory essay providing historical background and legal commentary as well as excerpts from the decision(s); related documents such as briefs or evidence, with headnotes and/or marginal commentary, some possibly in facsimile; and features or sidebars on principal players in the decisions, whether attorneys, plaintiffs, defendants, or justices. An introductory essay defines the criteria for selecting the cases and setting them in the context of American history and government, and a concluding essay suggests the role that the Court will play in the future. |
Contents
THE SUPREME COURT AS A MIRROR OF AMERICA | 6 |
1 THE RISE OF JUDICIAL REVIEW | 14 |
2 THE NATIONAL BANK AND FEDERALISM | 25 |
3 STEAMBOATS STATES RIGHTS AND THE POWERS OF CONGRESS | 34 |
4 DENYING AN APPEAL FOR FREEDOM | 42 |
5 CIVIL LIBERTIES AND THE CIVIL WAR | 51 |
6 SEPARATE BUT NOT EQUAL | 59 |
7 THE RIGHTS OF LABOR AND THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN | 67 |
15 FREEDOM OF THE PRESS IN A FREE SOCIETY | 141 |
16 FINDING A RIGHT TO PRIVACY | 150 |
17 THE RIGHT TO REMAIN SILENT | 158 |
18 FREEDOM OF SPEECH IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS | 165 |
19 STANDARDS FOR INTERPRETING THE ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE | 172 |
20 ABORTION PRIVACY AND VALUES IN CONFLICT | 179 |
21 PRESIDENTIAL IMMUNITY AND THE WATERGATE CRISIS | 192 |
22 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND THE BOUNDARIES OF DISCRIMINATION | 203 |
8 THE LATITUDE AND LIMITS OF FREE SPEECH | 77 |
9 AFFIRMING THE NEW DEAL | 85 |
10 THE FLAGSALUTE CASES | 95 |
11 INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE AMERICANS DURING WORLD WAR II | 104 |
12 A DECISION TO LIMIT PRESIDENTIAL POWER | 113 |
13 PUBLIC SCHOOL DESEGREGATION | 121 |
14 ESTABLISHING EQUALITY IN VOTING AND REPRESENTATION | 134 |
23 THE JUDICIAL PATH TO THE WHITE HOUSE | 213 |
WE ARE ALL SLAVES OF THE LAW | 224 |
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF IMPORTANT SUPREME COURT DECISIONS | 228 |
| 244 | |
WEBSITES | 247 |
| 248 | |
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Common terms and phrases
abortion affirmative action Amendment right Amendment's appealed argued armbands Article authority Baker Blackmun Burger Bush Chief Justice citizens civil rights claimed commerce concurring opinion Congress constitutional right constitutionally convicted Court ruled Court upheld Court's decision decided discrimination dissent Dred Scott due process clause Earl Warren election enacted equal protection clause establishment clause executive federal courts federal government Fifth Amendment Florida Fourteenth Amendment free speech freedom Gobitis Gore Holmes issue Japanese Americans John Marshall Harlan judges judicial judiciary lawyer legislation legislature Lemon test libel limited Lochner majority Marbury Maryland ment military Milligan Miranda Missouri Missouri Compromise Nixon overturn person Plessy police political President principle prohibited public schools question race racial racial segregation regulate right to privacy School District segregation slavery statute tion U.S. Constitution U.S. Supreme Court unconstitutional United violated vote Warren women writ wrote York