Elementary Logics: A Procedural PerspectiveThis text aims to introduce classical logic in such a way that one can also easily deviate into discussing non-classical logics. It defines the many types of logics and the differences between them, starting with the basic notions of the most common logic and working through the many non-classical logics. |
Contents
Propositional logic and truth tables | 1 |
Forward and backward predicate rules | 8 |
3 | 18 |
Copyright | |
16 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
A₁ agent system answer apply argument arity assignment assume atomic propositions atomic sentences axiom B-clauses b₁ Brenda Chapter classical logic clause computation tree conclusion conjunction consequence relation Consider consistent d₁ database defined Definition derive disjunction domain equivalent example Exercise false flight formula function girl give goal good(x h(to Hence Hilbert implies induction hypothesis interpretation intuitionistic logic Kripke model labels language many-valued logics mapping means modal modus ponens monotonic multisets natural deduction negation non-monotonic rules normal form P₁ predicate logic prenex prenex normal form problem proof propositional logic prove query r₁ reasoning restart rule rewrite rule for atoms Section set of assumptions Skolem subcomputation substitution succeeds tautology temporal logic theorem true truth table truth values unify universally quantified valid write