Natural Vegetation of Oregon and WashingtonMajor vegetational units of Oregon and Washington and their environmental relationships are described and illustrated. After an initial consideration of the vegetation components in the two States, major geographic areas and vegetation zones are detailed. Descriptions of each vegetation zone include composition and succession, as well as discussion of variations associated with environmental gradients. Three chapters treat the forested zones found in the two States. Major emphasis is on the distinctive mesic temperate forests found in western Washington and northwestern Oregon. The interior valley forests, shrub lands, and prairies found between the Coast and Cascade Ranges in western Oregon are treated in a single chapter as are subalpine and alpine mosaics of tree-dominated and meadow communities. Unusual habitats, such as areas of recent vulcanism, serpentines, and ocean strand, are individually described. Soils, geology, and climate are considered in broad outline in an early chapter and in greater detail within discussions of individual geographic areas and vegetation zones. Appendices are included for definition of the various soil types, scientific and common plant names, and a subject index. An extensive bibliography is included to direct the reader to other references. |
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Abies amabilis Abies concolor Abies grandis Abies lasiocarpa Abies magnifica Acer Agropyron spicatum Alnus alpine Arctostaphylos Artemisia tridentata association basalt Brown Carex nigricans Cascade Range Cascades Province Ceanothus Coast Ranges communities coniferous Corvallis Daubenmire 1968 Daubenmire and Daubenmire dominated Dyrness eastern Washington Ecology elevations Eriogonum Festuca idahoensis Figure file at Oreg Gaultheria shallon grasses grazing habitats Haploxerolls herbaceous herbs horizons illus Juniperus occidentalis layer Libocedrus decurrens loam Lupinus macrophyllum major meadow mesic meters Mixed-Conifer moisture Mount Rainier National Forest northern Nutt Phyllodoce Picea sitchensis Pinus contorta Pinus ponderosa plant Poa sandbergii Podzolic Polystichum munitum Prairie Pseudotsuga menziesii pumice Purshia Quercus garryana region Regosols Research Natural Area River Rubus seral shrub shrub-steppe slopes soils spectabilis stands steppe Stipa subalpine successional thesis on file Thuja plicata timberline tree species Tsuga heterophylla Tsuga heterophylla Zone Tsuga mertensiana typical understory Univ Unpublished Vaccinium vegetation western Willamette valley zonal