Capital: A Critique of Political Economy |
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Common terms and phrases
12 hours accumulation Adam Smith agricultural labourers average becomes capitalist production circulation commodities consequence constant capital corvée cotton division of labour duction economists employed employment England English equivalent exchange value exploitation expression fact Factory Act farmers given gold hand handicraft Hence houses human labour increase individual individual capitals Insp instruments of labour Karl Marx labour-process labour-time land less linen Lond London machine machinery magnitude manufacture mass means of production means of subsistence mills mode of production Modern Industry modities nature necessary number of labourers operatives owner persons Political Economy population price of labour process of production productive power productiveness of labour profit proportion quantity of labour raw material relative Report says shillings social society spindles spinning surplus surplus-labour surplus-value things tion trade use-value value of labour-power variable capital wages wealth whole working-day workmen workpeople yarn
Popular passages
Page 543 - ancient and venerable prejudices and opinions, are swept away, all new formed ones become antiquated before they can ossify. All that is solid melts into air, all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses his real conditions of life, and his relations with his kind.
Page 407 - The understandings of the greater part of men," says Adam Smith, "are necessarily formed by their ordinary employments. The man whose whole life is spent in performing a few simple operations . . . has no occasion to exert his understanding. .... He generally becomes as stupid and ignorant as it is
Page 839 - population, the beginning of the conquest and looting of the East Indies, the turning of Africa into a warren for the commercial hunting of black-skins, signalised the rosy dawn of \ the era of capitalist production. These idyllic proceedings are the chief momenta of primitive accumulation. On their heels treads the commercial war of
Page 807 - was profound and admirable,, in making farms and houses of husbandry of a standard; that is, maintained with such a proportion of land unto them as ' may breed a subject to live in convenient plenty, and no servile condition, and to keep the plough in the hands of the owners and not mere hirelings.
Page 802 - is nothing else than the •* .historical process of divorcing the producer from the means of production. It appears as primitive, because it forms the pre-historic stage of capital and of the mode of production corresponding with it. ( The economic structure of capitalistic society has grown out of the economic structure of feudal society. The dissolution
Page 415 - MACHINERY AND MODERN INDUSTRY. SECTION 1. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MACHINERY. JOHN STUART MILL says in his Principles of Political Economy : "It is questionable if all the mechanical inventions yet made have lightened the day's toil of any human being.
Page 319 - Workmen and factory inspectors protested on hygienic and moral grounds, but Capital answered: "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law, The penalty and forfeit of my bond." In fact, according to statistics laid before the House of Commons on July 26th, 1850, in spite of all protests, on July 15th, 1850, 3,742 children were subjected to this "practice
Page 408 - in this manner to be acquired at the expense of his intellectual, social, and martial virtues. But in every improved and civilised society, this is the state into which the labouring poor, that is, the great body of the people, must necessarily fall.
Page 304 - wealth exceeding what was necessary for their own subsistence by twelve thousand pounds a year. The more carefully we examine the history of the past, the more reason shall we find to dissent from those who imagine that our age has been fruitful of new social evils. . . . That which is new is the intelligence and
Page 840 - hothouse fashion, the process of transformation of the feudal mode of production into the capitalist mode, and to shorten the transition. Force is the midwife of every old society pregnant with a new one. It is itself