The Science of Sound |
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absolute pitch Acoust air column amplifier amplitude audio auditory basilar membrane bass brass instruments Chapter circuit clarinet cochlea complex tones cone consonants curve direction distortion electrical energy equal temperament example f₁ filter flow formant Frequency Hz fundamental graph guitar harmonics Helmholtz Helmholtz resonator horn impedance increases instruments intervals length listening loudness loudspeaker low frequency magnetic masking mass microphone modes of vibration motion moves musical N/mē noise notes octave oscillation output overtones percussion instruments phase piano pipe pitch played pulse pure tones quency radiation range ratio recording reed resonance frequency reverberation scale Section semitone shown in Fig signal simple harmonic motion sound level sound power sound power level sound pressure level sound waves speaker spectra spectrum speech speed string tape timbre tion top plate transverse tube tuning velocity violin vocal cords vocal tract voice coil voltage vowel sounds waveform