Theory of Heat |
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a₁ a² p² analogous angle appears Argand lamp attraction axes axis body calorimeter circularly polarized circumstances conceive considerable constant crystal D₁ density direction distance Dulong dx² effect elastic force equal equation equilibrium excess of temperature experiment exterior conductivity fluid gases glass hence hypothesis increase latent heat latter law of cooling law of sines light material particles mean medium mercury mica motion of heat observations parallel parallelopiped particle of gas particles of caloric perature perpendicular polarization pressure principal plane PROB quantity of heat radiation ratio rays reflexion repulsion rhombohedron sin² solid solution specific heat substance suppose surface term thermometer tion tourmaline transmitted V₁ vapour variation varies velocity of cooling vibration volume whilst пу
Popular passages
Page 85 - That every species of pure elastic fluid has its particles globular and all of a size ; but that no two species agree in the size of their particles, the pressure and temperature being the same.
Page 2 - But if equal weights or equal bulks of different substances are employed, the result will be different. Thus, if a pint of mercury at 100° be mixed with a pint of water at 40°, the mixture will...
Page 18 - We should find that it is not true that, at all degrees of the thermometer, the loss of heat of a body is proportional to the excess of its temperature above that of the medium in which it is...
Page xiv - In this way each piece is made to indicate its own temperature without possibility of mistake. Liquid Thermometers. In the most common form of thermometer, temperature is measured by the expansion of mercury in glass. On the end of a glass tube of very fine bore, a bulb is blown (see Fig. 1), and the bulb and part of the tube are filled with mercury. The whole is then heated until the mercury completely fills the tube, after which it is sealed and allowed to cool. The space in the tube above the...
Page 22 - ... inclosure ; not merely upon the excess of one of these over the other. And it was found most convenient, first, to make such experiments as should exhibit the dependence of the velocity of cooling upon the temperature of the enclosure ; which dependence is contained in the following law : — The quickness of cooling of a thermometer in vacuo for a constant excess of temperature, increases in geometric progression, when the temperature of the inclosure increases in arithmetic progression. From...
Page 13 - ... Jupiter and Saturn, and, as would seem from recent observations, on that of Mars. It remains to notice one other phenomenon indicative of an atmosphere: a distant spherical body, whether self-luminous or shining by reflected light, would, according to the law that the intensity of the radiation varies as the sine of the angle which the direction of emanation makes with the surface, appear equally bright at all points of the disk. But an atmosphere to the body, of considerable magnitude and constituted...
Page 84 - ... who has elaborately calculated many of their movements, observes, that, " from the experiments and admirable views of Dr. Dalton, we may conclude, that, when different gases are brought together, they will intermingle with each other gradually, offering no other resistance (in the words of Dalton) to the mixture, than the opposition which pebbles present to the motion of water...
Page vii - I was led to the conclusion that the law of force is that of the inverse square of the distance, and by means of that law was enabled to shew that the vibrations are necessarily transversal.
Page 3 - Petit discovered that the product of the specific heat by the atomic weight is the same for many elementary substances which are found in the solid state at the ordinary temperature.
Page 9 - A mode of loss of heat analogous to conduction, is that to which Dr. Prout has applied the term convection. When a hot body is in contact with the air, the part next the body becoming more elastic (rarefied), flies off and is supplied by colder portions ; thus the heat of the body is conveyed away more rapidly than it would be if the air were not in motion. It is obvious that this circumstance will materially affect all experiments on the motion of heat, in which it is hardly possible to estimate...