Bacterial AdherenceBacteria adhere to and colonize almost any surface. Within minutes after sub merging a solid object in seawater or freshwater, the surface becomes colonized by adherent micro-organisms, and the earliest organisms to adhere are bacteria. Adherent colonies of bacteria have also been observed on particles of sand, soil, other bacteria, plant tissues, and a variety of animal tissues. Shortly after birth, the skin and the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the gastro intestinal tract of animals and man become heavily colonized by a variety of adherent bacteria which persist in varying numbers as indigenous parasites. The apparent symbiotic balance between the host and his indigenous parasites oc casionally is upset by the invasion of harmful bacteria which adhere to and colonize these surfaces. Pathogenic bacteria may also adhere to and colonize normally sterile surfaces such as the mucosa of the genito-urinary tract and the lower respiratory tract, and occasionally even endothelial surfaces of the cardiovascular system, resulting in the development of serious infectious diseases. Although marine microbiologists have been aware for a long time that bacteria must stick to surfaces in order to avoid being swept away by moving streams of water, not until recently has it been widely recognized that adherence must be an important ecological determinant in the colonization of specific sites in plants and animals, and in particular an important early event in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals and man. It is true that Dr G. |
Contents
Adherence of Normal Flora to Mucosal Surfaces 31 | 57 |
Mechanisms of Adherence of Streptococcus mutans | 105 |
Structure and Cell MembraneBinding Properties | 136 |
Attachment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to Respiratory | 159 |
Adhesive Properties of Enterobacteriaceae | 184 |
The Adhesive Properties of Vibrio cholerae and other Vibrio | 218 |
Adherence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other Neisseria | 250 |
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Common terms and phrases
adhesin adhesive properties adsorbed adsorption agglutination aggregation factor amino antibodies antigens association Bact bacteria bacterial adherence bacterial attachment bacterium Beachey Brinton broth buccal cells Buchanan carbohydrate Caries cell surface cell wall cholera vibrios cholerae coli colonization components culture D-mannose demonstrated dextran Duguid and Gillies enzyme epithelial cells epithelium erythrocytes Evans extracellular fimbriae fimbriated gonococci Freter Gibbons glucan glycoprotein gonococcal fimbriae gonorrhoeae Gotschlich groups GTase haemagglutinating haemagglutinins Hamada hemagglutination host cell Houte human hydrophobic hydroxyapatite Immun Infect inhibited inhibitors interactions intestinal isolated Jones lectin lectin activity ligand lipoteichoic acid mechanisms mediated micro-organisms microbial Microbiol molecular weight molecules motility MRE adhesins mucosal mucosal surfaces mucus gel mycoplasma Neisseria non-fimbriated Ofek organisms Ørskov pathogenic pellicle plaque platelets pneumoniae polymers polysaccharides present protein pseudomonad rabbit receptor red cells residues Savage Slade specific strains Strep streptococci structure studies sucrose suggested Table teeth tissue type 1 fimbriae vibrios vitro vivo Wicken