Practical Head and Neck UltrasoundAnil T. Ahuja, Rhodri M. Evans Head and neck ultrasound is a standard radiological examination performed at most hosp itals. It is an important topic and all specialist registrars in radiology will need to learn how to scan the organs and structures of the head and neck. This book covers normal anatomy and provides a comprehensive account of pathological processes in all of the head and neck structures, including the vasculature. With excellent diagrams and high quality images, it illustrates the key technical and diagnostic steps needed by both trainee and established radiographers or radiologists. It provides clear guidance on scanning technique, potential pitfalls and common problems, and how to achieve optimum image quality. Key topics include: normal anatomy of the head and neck region, practical scanning technique, the salivary glands, the thyroid and parathyroid, lymph nodes, cystic masses, the larynx, what the surgeon needs to know and why, biopsy techniques and basic vascular ultrasound. |
Contents
Anatomy and Technique | 1 |
Equipment and technique | 3 |
introduction | 4 |
Ultrasound anatomy | 6 |
Salivary Glands | 17 |
Normal anatomy | 19 |
Salivary gland technique | 21 |
Calculi and acute inflammatory disease | 22 |
Classification systems | 74 |
Criteria of malignancy | 75 |
Lumps and Bumps in the Head and Neck | 85 |
Masses in the submental region | 87 |
Masses in the submandibular region | 89 |
Masses in the parotid region | 94 |
Masses along the carotid artery and internal jugular vein | 97 |
Masses in the posterior triangle | 100 |
Chronic inflammatory conditions | 25 |
Trauma | 26 |
Miscellaneous parotid lesions | 31 |
The Thyroid and parathyroids | 35 |
Ultrasound of the thyroid | 37 |
Examination | 39 |
Papillary carcinoma | 43 |
Anaplastic carcinoma | 46 |
Medullary carcinoma | 48 |
Follicular lesion | 49 |
Lymphoma | 50 |
Thyroid metastases | 51 |
Hurthle cell tumours | 52 |
Multinodular thyroid | 53 |
Thyroid cysts | 55 |
Postoperative hypertrophy | 58 |
Ultrasound of the parathyroids | 59 |
Lymph Nodes | 65 |
Anatomy | 67 |
Ultrasound anatomy | 68 |
Miscellaneous neck masses | 101 |
The Larynx | 105 |
Anatomy and sonographic anatomy | 107 |
Examination technique | 108 |
Vocal folds | 109 |
Clinical applications | 110 |
What the Surgeon Needs to Know and Why | 119 |
The clinical characteristics of a lump | 121 |
Establishing a tissue diagnosis | 122 |
Does improved imaging result in a better outcome for the patient? | 127 |
FineNeedle Aspiration or Core Biopsy? | 129 |
Fineneedle aspiration | 131 |
Core biopsy | 138 |
Carotid and Vertebral Ultrasonography | 145 |
Anatomy | 147 |
Examination | 148 |
Normal ultrasound appearances | 153 |
| 167 | |
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Common terms and phrases
abscess adenoma adjacent Ahuja anatomy assessment benign branchial calcification cancer carotid artery cartilage cervical lymph nodes clinical colour flow imaging core biopsy cyst cystic cytology deep cervical chain detected diagnosis diameter differentiating digastric muscle disease duct echogenic echogenic hilus examination external carotid artery facial nerve Figure fine-needle aspiration flow Normal flow FNAC head and neck hyperechoic hypo-echoic identified internal jugular vein laryngeal longitudinal lump lymphatic lymphoma mandible mass medial metastases Metreweli mylohyoid neck nodes necrosis needle Normal flow Normal occlusion omohyoid Open arrow papillary carcinoma parathyroid parotid gland pathology patients plaque posterior belly posterior triangle present probe radiologist Radiology region salivary gland scan seen sonogram sonographic sonologist space stenosis sternomastoid strap muscles structures subclavian sublingual submandibular gland submental superficial surgeon surgery technique thyroid nodules tion tissue trachea transducer Transverse sonogram tumour ultrasound ultrasound appearances ULTRASOUND FEATURES vascular velocity vertebral artery vessels vocal folds
Popular passages
Page 164 - European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group: MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: Interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70-99%) or with mild (0-29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 337:1235-1243, 1991.
Page 164 - North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 445-53. 2. European Carotid Surgery Trialists
References to this book
Get Through FRCR 2A: Practice Papers for the Modular Examination Mark Elias No preview available - 2004 |