The Interweaving of Rituals: Funerals in the Cultural Exchange Between China and EuropeThe death of the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci in China in 1610 was the occasion for demonstrations of European rituals appropriate for a Catholic priest and also of Chinese rituals appropriate to the country hosting the Jesuit community. Rather than burying Ricci immediately in a plain coffin near the church, according to their European practice, the Jesuits followed Chinese custom and kept Ricci's body for nearly a year in an air-tight Chinese-style coffin and asked the emperor for burial ground outside the city walls. Moreover, at Ricci's funeral itself, on their own initiative the Chinese performed their funerary rituals, thus starting a long and complex cultural dialogue in which they took the lead during the next century. |
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Contents
Introduction | 3 |
1 Chinese and European Funerals | 10 |
2 Missionaries Knowledge of Chinese Funerals | 37 |
3 The Gradual Embedding of Christian Funeral Rituals in China | 80 |
4 Funerals as Public Manifestation | 117 |
5 Funerals as Community Practice | 139 |
6 Christian versus Superstitious Rituals | 163 |
7 Imperial Sponsorship of Jesuit Funerals | 183 |
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Common terms and phrases
accepted according actions allowed appears authors became body Buddhist burial buried called Canton Catholic CCT ARSI century ceremonies changes chapter China Chinese Christian Chinese funeral Christian community Christian funeral church clothes coffin concern condolence Confucian considered corpse cultural customs Daoist Dapper dead death deceased died discussion emperor especially Europe European example expression fact Family Rituals father filial final four funeral rituals funerary give guideline holy imperial important interaction Jesuits juan Kangxi later living major Mass meaning mentioned Ming missionaries mourning observed offer officials original parents participants performed period person practices prayers present priest procession question received reference relatives religion reports Ricci rites role rules Schall Sequence seven seventeenth similar social sons soul sources specific structure things tion tomb tradition translation Trigault Verbiest written