Basics of GeomaticsGeomatics is a neologism, the use of which is becoming increasingly widespread, even if it is not still universally accepted. It includes several disciplines and te- niques for the study of the Earth’s surface and its environments, and computer science plays a decisive role. A more meaningful and appropriate expression is G- spatial Information or GeoInformation. Geo-spatial Information embeds topography in its more modern forms (measurements with electronic instrumentation, sophisticated techniques of data analysis and network compensation, global satellite positioning techniques, laser scanning, etc.), analytical and digital photogrammetry, satellite and airborne remote sensing, numerical cartography, geographical information systems, decision support systems, WebGIS, etc. These specialized elds are intimately interrelated in terms of both the basic science and the results pursued: rigid separation does not allow us to discover several common aspects and the fundamental importance assumed in a search for solutions in the complex survey context. The objective pursued by Mario A. Gomarasca, one that is only apparently modest, is to publish an integrated text on the surveying theme, containing simple and comprehensible concepts relevant to experts in Geo-spatial Information and/or speci cally in one of the disciplines that compose it. At the same time, the book is rigorous and synthetic, describing with precision the main instruments and methods connected to the multiple techniques available today. |
Contents
| 1 | |
| 16 | |
| 19 | |
Further Reading | 76 |
3 Elements of Photogrammetry | 78 |
Further Reading | 120 |
4 Elements of Remote Sensing | 123 |
Further Reading | 182 |
7 Satellite Positioning Systems | 341 |
Further Reading | 368 |
8 Digital Image Processing | 369 |
Further Reading | 476 |
9 Elements of Geographical Information Systems | 480 |
Further Reading | 557 |
10 Land UseLand Cover Classification Systems | 561 |
Further Reading | 596 |
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy acquisition aerial algorithms altitude analysis angle applications areas atmospheric backscattering camera cartography characteristics colour complex coordinates Cover Classification database defined digital image Digital Number distance Earth Observation electromagnetic electromagnetic spectrum elements ellipsoid ENVISAT errors European European Space Agency format frequency function Geographical Information Systems geoid Geomatics geometric resolution Global Global Positioning System GLONASS graphic ground hyperspectral imagery infrared instruments interferometric International interpretation land cover classes Landsat laser launched linear measured Microwave monitoring multispectral objects operations optical orbit panchromatic parameters phase photogram photogrammetry photographic pixel Plate points processing programs projection radar radiance radiation radiometric raster reference system reflected Remote Sensing representation represented satellite scale scanning sensors signal soil spatial data spectral bands Springer Science+Business Media stereoscopic structure techniques thermal tion topographic transformation values vector vegetation visible visualization wavelength