Life in the Cold: An Introduction to Winter EcologyA third edition of a classic work on cold climate ecosystems, updated with a new chapter on mammals & birds. |
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Common terms and phrases
absorption acclimation air temperature ambient animal aquatic Arctic arterial balsam fir Bergmann's Rule birds blood body temperature boundary layer brown fat browsing cell CO₂ cold colder conifers cooling decreasing depth desiccation destructive metamorphism Ecology Ecology of Small effect exotherm exposed foliage forest freezing resistance g/cm³ growth heat exchange heat loss heat production hibernating homeotherm ice crystal ice formation ice grains increase insulation J. F. Merritt latent heat light penetrating light transmission low temperature lower mammals mechanism membrane metabolic rate metamorphism nonshivering northern occurs overwintering success oxygen perature photosynthesis physiological reduced relative remain result rodent s/cm seasonal changes shivering small mammals snow surface snowcover snowpack snowshoe hares solar radiation species spruce stem stomates subnivean subnivean environment surface area thermal conductivity thermal index thermogenesis thermoregulation timberline tion tissue trees vapor concentration vole warm water column water content water loss water vapor Winter Ecology winter environment woody plants xylem