Activated Sludge: Treatment of Industrial WastewaterIn the past, industrial wastewater treatment primarily focused on the removal of BOD and suspended solids. In recent years, however, the focus has changed to aquatic toxicity, priority pollutants, and volatile organics. This required changes in how we design and operate biological treatment plants. Many existing plants must be retrofitted. New approaches to meet new requirements are discussed in detail. The authors, with a combined experience of sixty years, have presented case studies for a wide variety of industrial wastewaters including pulp and paper, food processing, chemical and pharmaceuticals, and textile wastewaters. Data interpretation and process design are developed through the use of seventeen examples. Procedures for the laboratory and pilot plant generation of process design data are presented. Emphasis is placed on meeting the many new regulations governing industrial wastewater discharges. |
Contents
Characterization and Pretreatment | 5 |
Principles of Biological Oxidation | 27 |
Kinetics of Organics Removal | 49 |
Bioinhibition of the Activated | 95 |
Effect of Temperature on | 107 |
Control of Activated Sludge Quality | 117 |
Stripping of Volatile Organics | 131 |
Nitrification and Denitrification | 145 |
Activated Sludge Processes | 185 |
Final Clarification | 221 |
Effluent Suspended | 235 |
Biological Sludge Disposal | 247 |
Land Disposal of Sludges | 254 |
References | 275 |
About the Authors 281 | |
Common terms and phrases
acclimation activated sludge process activated sludge treatment aeration basin aerobic alkalinity ammonia anoxic basin volume biodegradation biological biomass BOD removal calculated carbon clarifier complete mix compounds day-¹ denitrification dissolved air flotation dissolved oxygen Eckenfelder Effect effluent BOD effluent suspended solids effluent TSS Equation fed-batch floc load flocculation flow rate increase industrial wastewater treatment industrial wastewaters inhibition kinetics lb/day loading rate maximum mg VSS/mg mixed liquor temperature mL/g MLSS MLVSS nitrification nitrogen Nitrosomonas nondegradable nutrient off-gas organic chemicals wastewater oxidation oxygen requirements oxygen transfer paper mill wastewater percent phenol plug-flow Pollution power level pretreatment priority pollutants process design pulp and paper rate coefficient ratio reactor removal rate return sludge SCOD selector shown in Figure sludge production SMPnd solids flux specific growth rate substrate substrate removal suspended solids tank tion toxicity waste wastewater are shown