The Comparative Physiology of Regulatory PeptidesSusanne Holmgren Strictly speaking, the term regulatory peptides may include any peptide which has a regulatory function in any organism. In recent years, how ever, the term has come to mean those originally classified as brain-gut peptides. The peptides initially defined as those belonging to the brain gut axis had a dual location in neurones of the brain and endocrine cells of the gut. We now include a number of neuropeptides found in the autonomic nervous system of the gut, the cardiovascular system and other systems. To many scientists comparative physiology means comparison of the mechanisms of certain functions in the rat, the guinea-pig, the cat and maybe some other mammal. If the philosophy is that man is the centre of the universe and other mammals can be used as 'models' of man, this may well be the most useful way to study the functions of the human being, without actually chopping somebody up. However, with a some what wider perspective on life, it is easy to see the importance of a full understanding of the function of all living organisms, in its own right as well as a link in the evolution towards individuals able to survive and reproduce in very different environments. The importance of com parative studies in all living organisms cannot be emphasized too much. It has been the ambition with this book to treat all animals as equally important. |
Contents
Atrial natriuretic peptideslocalization structure | 3 |
Bombesin | 34 |
Gastrincholecystokininrelated peptides comparative | 61 |
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action adrenal amino acid amino acid sequence amphibian anglerfish ANP/CDD ANP/CDD-immunoreactive arteries atrial natriuretic factor axons Biochem Biol bombesin bombesin-like brain C-terminal caerulein cardiac Cell Tissue Res CGRP chicken cholecystokinin cholinergic Comp Conlon contain Costa Dimaline distribution Dockray dogfish dynorphin effects endocrine cells Endocrinol enkephalin Falkmer Figure fish FMRFamide Forssmann function Furness G/CCK ganglia ganglion gastric acid gastric acid secretion gastrin gastrointestinal tract gene Gibbins gland glucagon glucagon-like guinea-pig heart Hökfelt Holmgren hormone immunohistochemical immunoreactivity inhibition inhibitory innervation insulin invertebrates islet isolated Lond Lundberg mammalian mammals Morris motility mucosa myenteric myoendocrine cells nerve fibres nervous system neuropeptide Neurosci neurotensin Nilsson non-mammalian pancreatic polypeptide Pept peripheral Pharmacol Physiol physiological plasma Plisetskaya porcine precursor Proc receptors regulation regulatory peptides Reinecke release residue smooth muscle somatostatin species stimulation stomach structure studies substance Sundler sympathetic tachykinins teleost Thorndyke vasoactive intestinal peptide vasoactive intestinal polypeptide vertebrates vitro