BulletinU.S. Government Printing Office, 1908 - Agriculture |
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15 cents acid active principle Agricultural Experiment Station Amer andromedotoxin animals appeared apple leaf-spot arsenic arsenious acid BARK DISEASE Bordeaux mixture Bureau of Plant cause Chief of Bureau chloroform CRAWFORD cultures disorder doses dried hops dried plant eating EFFECT OF WHITE emesis especially Eupatorium ageratoides examination extract representing feeding fruit fungi fungus Graff grams hop plant immunity injection inoculated intestines Japanese chestnut Jour Kalm Kalmia latifolia Laboratory leaf leaf-spot disease LOCO-WEED INVESTIGATIONS masseter muscles Milk milksickness minutes Miscellaneous Papers mountain laurel noted obtained occurred ounces Pathologist in Charge Pharm Pharmacologist Phyllosticta pirina Physiologist in Charge Pieris japonica Plant Industry Plugge POISONOUS PLANT Poisonous-Plant Investigations pounds Price quantities rabbit weighing reported respiration Rhododendron ponticum Rodney H samples sheep showed Sickness soil SOURCES OF ARSENIC spores spots sprayed subcutaneously sulphate sulphur Surg symptoms temperature trees trembles tremors U. S. Dept white snakeroot Winesap Yandell
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Page 34 - ... laxative properties. To this end magnesium sulphate was administered to correct the constipation which is almost universal among locoed animals. It should be noted, too, that magnesium sulphate may serve to some extent as an antidote to the poison. It may be added, in regard to the question of immunity, that loco poisoning comes on in a slow and cumulative manner, so that there is no possibility of animals becoming immune.
Page 52 - Mr. Levison reports all the chestnut trees of Forest Park, Brooklyn, to be either dead or dying, and many in Prospect Park to be seriously affected. Wherever he has found the chestnut tree in Brooklyn, he has found the disease." Metcalf (1908 a: 55) states in February, 1908: " The bark disease is now reported from Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New York as far north as Poughkeepsie, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and possibly Delaware.
Page 34 - In regard to the possibility of killing the weeds, it was found that this could readily be done in the case of fenced pastures. This is especially feasible with Astragalus mollissimus, because it occurs in comparatively small patches. Aragallus lamberti has a wider distribution, but it is not at all impossible to destroy this weed when in pastures. There seems to be no way of ridding the ranges of these weeds, however.
Page 35 - The administration of sulphates, especially epsom salts, to form insoluble barium sulphate would be the chemical antidote which would logically be inferred from the laboratory work, but of necessity these sulphates would have to be frequently administered, and their value after histological changes in the organs have occurred remains to be settled. But the treatment of acute cases of barium poisoning in man is not always successful, even when sulphates combined with symptomatic treatment are employed....
Page 21 - He described it under the name " spoon tree," because the Indians at that time made spoons of this wood. During his travels in America in 1748 he noted that...
Page 48 - Conclusions. — The following conclusions may be drawn from the results of the investigation : — 4.1.
Page 34 - ... WEEDS. About four years ago the Colorado Experiment Station undertook a co-operative investigation of the loco weeds in conjunction with the US Department of Agriculture. This much has been determined, as reported by the Bureau of Plant Industry, Bulletin No. 121, part 3. Symptoms of Loco Poisoning: "The principal symptoms are the lowered head, rough cOat, slow staggering gait, movements showing lack of muscular coordination, sometimes more or less paralytic symptoms, a general diseased nervous...
Page 48 - ... Scott and Rorer (1908) were published, in which a definite conclusion was reached. They state (page 49 of reference cited) : "It was found that Sphaeropsis malorum, contrary to the general belief, is the cause of the disease." Regarding the associated species they conclude (page 52 of same reference) : Coniothyrium pirina (Sacc.) Sheldon, although it occurs abundantly on apple leafspots, appears to have nothing to do with their formation. The several other fungi that were tested, such as Hendersonia...
Page 33 - ... lamberti and Astragalus mollissimus. More or less desultory investigations by scientific men have been made on this subject, the general result of which has been to imply that the disease was produced by some other cause than the loco plants. The later investigations have made it seem quite probable that the cause of the disease must be sought in some other direction. The investigations here recorded were undertaken to clear up first of all the doubt concerning the source of trouble. The first...
Page 35 - A close analogy exists between the clinical symptoms and pathological findings in barium poisoning and those resulting from feeding extracts of certain loco plants. Small doses of barium salts may be administered to rabbits without apparent effect, but suddenly acute symptoms set in analogous to what is reported on the range.