A Hand-book of Industrial Organic Chemistry: Adapted for the Use of Manufacturers, Chemists, and All Interested in the Utilization of Organic Materials in the Industrial Arts |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid added adulterated alcohol alizarin alkali allowed ammonia amount aniline anthracene Baumé benzene bleaching blue boiling brown cane-sugar caoutchouc carbon caustic soda cent chloride cipitate coal-tar coloring matter colorless commercial compounds contains cooled cotton crude crystals cubic centimetres decolorized decomposed dextrine dilute dissolved distillation dried dyeing ether evaporated extract fatty fermentation fibre filtered gallons glucose glycerine grammes gutta-percha heated hundred hydrochloric acid impurities indigo insoluble juice kilos lime liquid liquor logwood manufacture material melting method methyl milk mixed mixture molasses mordants naphthalene nitrate nitric acid obtained odor oxide paraffine percentage petroleum potash potassium pounds powder precipitate prepared quantity reaction residue resin rosin salt sample saponification shown in Fig silk soap sodium solu soluble solution specific gravity starch steam sucrate sugar sulphate sulphuric acid tannin temperature tion tons treatment varnish violet washed weight wine wool yellow yield
Popular passages
Page 260 - In this process an emulsion of lard is made by bringing together in a '; disintegrator" lard and skimmed milk, both previously heated to 140° Fahr. in steam-jacketed tanks; the " disintegrator" consists of a cylinder revolving within a cylindrical shell ; the surface of the cylinder is covered with fine serrated projections, each one of which is a tooth with a sharp point ; as this cylinder revolves rapidly within its shell, the mixture of melted lard and hot skimmed milk is forced up in the narrow...
Page 33 - Crude Petroleum shall be understood to be pure natural oil, neither steamed nor treated, free from water, sediment, or any adulteration, of the gravity of 43° to 48° Beaume.
Page 257 - Fat from freshly slaughtered cattle after thorough washing is placed in clean water and surrounded with ice, where it is allowed to remain until all animal heat has been removed. It is then cut into small pieces by machinery and cooked at a temperature of about 150° F.
Page 24 - In color it has been changed from brownish-yellow to a very light straw shade. The oil is now washed with water introduced through a perforated pipe running around the upper circumference of the tank. This water percolates through the body of the oil, removes the acid, and is allowed to escape in a constant stream from the bottom. When the wash-water shows no appreciable acid taste or reaction, the washing is stopped, and about one per cent, of a caustic soda solution of 12° B.
Page 381 - Nickels: 250 cc or 10 ounces measure of the tar is placed in a retort which it only one-third fills, so as not to spoil the distillate if there is much frothing during distillation. The retort should be supported on a cup*shaped piece of coarse wire gauze, placed in an aperture in a sheet-iron plate. Over the retort is placed a dome, made by removing the bottom from a tin can or bottle and cutting out a piece of the side to allow the neck of the retort to pass through. This contrivance confines the...
Page 135 - Concretor," in which no attempt is made to produce a crystalline article, but only to evaporate the liquor to such a point that when cold it will assume a solid (concrete) state. The mass is removed as fast as formed, and being plastic while warm it can be cast into blocks of any convenient shape and size, hardening as it cools. In this state it can be shipped in bags or matting, suffering neither deliquescence nor drainage. The
Page 264 - Sadtler's Industrial Organic Chemistry, dealing with the uses of casein, discusses the subject, at page 264, as follows: Casein is now used on a large scale, first, as a basis of food preparations; second, as a fixing agent in calico printing instead of albumen; and third, as a substitute for glue in cements. For the first class of compounds, the casein salts of the alkalies and alkaline earths are used, and are obtained by dissolving casein in the calculated amount of caustic alkali, alkali metal,...
Page 266 - ... of petroleum ; the saponification of the butter by means of an excess of a standard solution of potassium hydroxide in alcohol ; and the determination of the excess of the alkali by means of a solution of hydrochloric acid. The following apparatus and reagents are required : 1. A porcelain mortar and pestle. 2. An extraction-tube, 14 or 15 Mm.
Page 36 - ... from the bottom of the cup. It is made of gun metal or brass (17 BWG) tinned inside. A bracket, consisting of a short stout piece of wire bent upwards and terminating in a point, is fixed to the inside of the cup to serve as a gauge. The distance of the point from the bottom of the cup is 1 J".
Page 37 - In moving the slide so as to uncover the holes, the oscillating lamp is caught by a pin fixed in the slide, and tilted in such a way as to bring the end of the spout just below the siirface of the lid. Upon the slide being pushed back so as to cover the holes, the lamp returns to its original position.