Unemployment and Labour Market Flexibility: FinlandThe emerging Finnish Model of social labour markets is likely to be a source of growing international interest in the 1990s. This book examines Finland's reputation for economic dynamism and social welfare in the face of the challenges raised by structural adjustment. |
Contents
Towards a Finnish model? | 1 |
Sectoral distribution of employment 197088 | 14 |
Growth rates of employment by public and private sectors 198488 | 16 |
Public sector employment by industry 1984 and 1988 | 17 |
Active and full unemployment rates ages 1564 197787 | 19 |
Unemployment rates Finland Nordic countries and OECD Europe 197588 | 20 |
Special measures to promote employment or reduce unemployment 1983 | 21 |
Estimates of the natural rate of unemployment 196480 | 23 |
Labour force participation rates selected years 197288 | 57 |
Main types of employment pension schemes in the private sector 196287 | 58 |
Recipients of early retirement pensions by type of pension aged 5564 end 1988 | 59 |
Unemployment rates by age group 197288 | 60 |
Termination of employment spells by reason 198687 | 62 |
Distribution of unemployment by duration by age group 1986 | 65 |
Wage flexibility and employment | 67 |
Interregional mobility of Finnish population relative net migration in | 82 |
Incidence of longterm unemployment selected countries 198085 | 27 |
Changing patterns of unemployment | 31 |
The regional incidence of absolute and relative unemployment 1985 | 33 |
Changes in the industrial structure by region 197788 | 34 |
Changes in labour force employment and unemployment by region 197788 | 35 |
Unemployed jobseekers including temporary layoffs longterm unemployed and recipients of unemployment pension by region end 1987 | 36 |
Unemployment risk and eligibility for unemployment benefits by region population aged 1564 autumn 1987 | 38 |
Labour force participation rates by age and sex 197088 | 40 |
Womens labour force participation rates by marital status and presence of children 1978 1982 1986 and 1987 | 41 |
Public sector employment by sex 195088 | 42 |
Parttime employment by sex 197788 | 43 |
Unemployment rates by sex and proportion of women in total | 46 |
Agespecific unemployment rates 197288 | 48 |
Unemployment rates by age 197288 | 51 |
Beneficiaries of national pension schemes by benefit as a percentage | 54 |
Wage dispersion weighted coefficient of variation of employees between | 89 |
Changes in employment and average hourly wages in different manufacturing | 93 |
Labour flexibility in enterprises | 99 |
Finnish direct net investment abroad and foreign direct net investment | 100 |
Contributions to changes in the tax wedge on labour 196684 | 106 |
Main reasons for working part time as percentage of total parttime | 119 |
Research and development expenditure and fixed investment | 130 |
Job content and working conditions according to the use of new information | 134 |
Dispersion of the average duration of job vacancies across occupations | 138 |
Labour market policy against unemployment | 141 |
Employment appropriations for public works schemes as a percentage | 144 |
Unemployed recipients of unemployment benefits and participants in labour | 151 |
Regional distribution of unemployed jobseekers persons employed with | 152 |
Options for the 1990s | 195 |
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Common terms and phrases
age group average cent Central Finland centralised compensation comprehensive obligation contributions decline developments duration early retirement effect employers employment contracts employment mobility employment security Employment Service statistics employment subsidies enterprises Eriksson factors figure Finnish Economy firms flexibility full-time Greater Helsinki growth Helsinki incomes policy increased industrial labour districts Labour Force Survey labour market policy labour market training labour supply long-term unemployed manufacturing migration minimum wages Ministry of Labour municipalities NAIRU natural rate negotiated Nordic Nordic countries Northern Finland occupations OECD older workers pension schemes percentage points period persons placement private sector production public sector rate of unemployment ratio real wage regional relative Santamäki share social security Source spells of unemployment Sweden Table tax wedge total employment total labour costs trade unions unem unemployed jobseekers unemployment benefits unemployment pensions unemployment rate unemployment spells University of Jyväskylä Uusimaa vacancies wage differentials women youth unemployment