Advances in microbial food safety: 3. Pathogen update: Listeria monocytogenesRecent advances regarding the human foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes are discussed with specific emphasis on epidemiology, ecology and virulence. Recent routine surveillance and outbreak investigation studies indicate a shift in L. monocytogenes serotypes linked to listeriosis in some countries. There is growing evidence to show that L. monocytogenes isolates can be divided beyond the serotype level into at least two epidemiologically and genetically distinct subpopulations differentiated by biologically meaningful markers, including strains responsible for the majority of listeriosis cases and strains carrying virulence attenuating mutations in the key virulence gene inlA, which codes for internalin A. |
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1/2a strains adhesin Appl Environ Microbiol assays Bakker cadherin cantaloupes casecontrol study cell celltocell spread Chen Comparative genomics Cossart deli meats Ecadherin Ecology and transmission Emerg Infect epidemic clone strain epidemiology evolution of Listeria FDA/FSIS/CDC Food Microbiol Food Prot foodborne Foodborne illness genes genetic genome sequencing genus Listeria growth guinea pig guinea pig model hemolytic horizontal gene transfer human listeriosis incidence of listeriosis Infect Immun inlA InlB InlJ innocua strains internalin invasion ivanovii Jacquet Lecuit lineage Lineage III Listeria monocytogenes Listeria monocytogenes contamination Listeria monocytogenes isolates listeriosis outbreak lntA mice molecular mouse model Multistate outbreak murinized mutations Nightingale Online oral inoculation Orsi outbreak of listeriosis pathogenicity island plcA Portnoy premature stop codon processing plant protein readytoeat foods recent risk assessment Rocourt RTE foods saprophytic seeligeri serotype single nucleotide polymorphism specific Stelten stop codon subtypes Swaminathan and GernerSmidt VázquezBoland virulence factors virulenceattenuated vitro welshimeri Wiedmann Woodhead Publishing Limited