Interrelationships of the PlatyhelminthesD T J Littlewood, R. A. Bray Interrelationships of the Platyhelminthes elucidates the role of the flatworms in the animal kingdom. It brings together results from an international group of experts, spanning many disciplines, who give evidence for the phylogeny of flatworms and constituent major taxa. A combined approach, using traditional comparative techniques along with the modern techniques of molecular phylogeny, is utilized to show that the monophyly of the phylum is not fully established, and that the phylum may in fact consist of two groups: the acoels and their relatives, which are basal metazoans, and the Rhabditophora, which is a more derived group. |
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18S rRNA absent Acoela adult Amphilinidea analysis apical organ Apomorphy Aspidogastrea axonemes basal bootstrap Caira canal cell Catenulida cercaria cestode characters ciliated clade coding consensus copulatory Cyclophyllidea cytoplasmic Dalyelliida data set Digenea Diphyllidea dº dº dorsal Dugesiidae Ehlers epidermis Eucestoda evolution families Figure flame bulb flatworms gene genera genus glands Gyrocotylidea Hoberg homology hooks host hypothesis Joffe Jondelius Justine lack larva life-cycle Littlewood longitudinal Macrostomida Macrostomum Mariaux matrix membrane microtubules molecular data Monogenea monophyletic monophyly Monopisthocotylea morphological muscle Neodermata nerve º º outgroup parasitic parsimony pharynx phylogenetic phylogeny Platyhelminthes plesiomorphic Polycladida position posterior present Prolecithophora Proseriata qo qo qo rDNA region relationships Reuter Rhabdocoela Rieger Rohde Schistosoma scolex sequences sister-group Sluys Sopott-Ehlers source trees species sperm spermatozoa spermiogenesis structure studies sucker supertree synapomorphies taxa taxon Temnocephalida Terricola Tetraphyllidea topology Trematoda Tricladida turbellarian Typhloplanida ultrastructure Urastoma ventral Watson