Plant Systematics: An Integrated Approach"The book strikes a balance between classical fundamental information and the recent developments in plant systematics. Special attention has been devoted to the information on botanical nomenclature, identification and phylogeny of angiosperms with numerous relevant examples and detailed explanation of the important nomenclatural problems. An attempt has been made to present a continuity between orthodox and contemporary identification methods by working on a common example. The methods of identification using computers have been further explored to help better online identification. The chapter on cladistic methods has been totally revised, and molecular systematics discussed in considerable detail."--Jacket. |
Contents
Preface | 1 |
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PLANT | 10 |
BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE | 30 |
Conservation of names of species | 47 |
DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY | 59 |
Leaf duration | 65 |
Venation | 71 |
PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION | 89 |
Asphodelaceae | 357 |
Alliaceae | 359 |
Agavaceae | 362 |
Commelinididae | 364 |
Arecaceae | 365 |
Commelinaceae | 367 |
Musaceae | 369 |
Zingiberaceae | 370 |
HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION | 120 |
VARIATION AND SPECIATION | 129 |
ΤΑΧΟΝOMIC EVIDENCE | 135 |
Molecular Systematics | 164 |
TAХОМЕТ | 180 |
Divisive methods | 188 |
Cladistic Methodology | 205 |
Operational evolutionary units | 210 |
Measure of similarity 210 212 Construction of Trees cladograms | 212 |
Evaluating consensus tree | 218 |
Developing Classifications | 222 |
PHYLOGENY OF ANGIOSPERMS | 225 |
What is the age of angiosperms? | 226 |
What is the place of their origin? | 228 |
Angiosperms are monophyletic or polyphyletic? | 230 |
Origin of monocotyledons | 239 |
Basal Living Angiosperms | 240 |
Paleoherbs | 242 |
Evolutionary Trends | 244 |
Basic evolutionary trends | 245 |
Xylem evolution | 246 |
Stamen evolution | 248 |
Pollen grain evolution | 249 |
Carpel evolution | 251 |
TransitionalCombinational Theory | 255 |
MAJOR SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFIC ATION | 256 |
Engler and Prantl | 260 |
John Hutchinson | 264 |
Armen Takhtajan | 269 |
Arthur Cronquist | 277 |
Rolf Dahlgren | 282 |
Robert Thorne | 286 |
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group | 291 |
MAJOR FAMILIES OF ANGIOSP ERMS | 303 |
Magnoliidae | 305 |
Amborellaceae | 306 |
Chloranthaceae | 308 |
Austrobaileyaceae | 310 |
Winteraceae | 311 |
Illiciaceae | 313 |
Magnoliaceae | 315 |
Degeneriaceae | 317 |
Annonaceae | 319 |
Calycanthaceae | 321 |
Lauraceae | 323 |
Saururaceae | 324 |
Piperaceae | 326 |
Cabombaceae | 328 |
Nymphaeaceae | 329 |
Rafflesiaceae | 331 |
Alismatidae | 333 |
Acoraceae | 334 |
Araceae | 335 |
Butomaceae | 337 |
Alismataceae | 339 |
Liliidae | 344 |
Pandanaceae | 345 |
Dioscoreaceae | 347 |
Smilacaceae | 349 |
Liliaceae | 351 |
Orchidaceae | 353 |
Iridaceae | 355 |
Cannaceae | 373 |
Juncaceae | 374 |
Cyperaceae | 376 |
Poaceae | 378 |
Ranunculidae | 381 |
Paeoniaceae | 383 |
Berberidaceae | 385 |
Ranunculaceae | 387 |
Papaveraceae | 389 |
Hamamelididae | 391 |
Saxifragaceae | 392 |
Fagaceae | 394 |
Betulaceae | 396 |
Casuarinaceae | 398 |
Caryophyllidae | 400 |
Chenopodiaceae | 402 |
Amaranthaceae | 404 |
Caryophyllaceae | 406 |
Polygonaceae | 408 |
Rosidae | 410 |
Malvaceae | 412 |
Dipterocarpaceae | 416 |
Rosaceae | 417 |
Ulmaceae | 420 |
Moraceae | 422 |
Capparaceae | 428 |
Cleomaceae | 430 |
Brassicaceae | 432 |
Rutaceae | 434 |
Meliaceae | 436 |
Sapindaceae | 438 |
Fabaceae | 440 |
Myrtaceae | 447 |
Violaceae | 449 |
Salicaceae | 450 |
Cucurbitaceae | 453 |
Hypericaceae | 455 |
Euphorbiaceae | 457 |
Geraniaceae | 460 |
Asteridae | 462 |
Hydrangeaceae | 463 |
Polemoniaceae | 465 |
Primulaceae | 467 |
Apiaceae | 469 |
Asteraceae | 472 |
Lamiidae | 474 |
Solanaceae | 475 |
Convolvulaceae | 478 |
Boraginaceae | 479 |
Rubiaceae | 481 |
Apocynaceae | 483 |
Plantaginaceae | 486 |
Scrophulariaceae | 488 |
Verbenaceae | 490 |
Bignoniaceae | 492 |
Acanthaceae | 494 |
Lamiaceae | 496 |
SYSTEMATICS ON THE WEB | 499 |
| 511 | |
| 525 | |
| 531 | |
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Common terms and phrases
actinomorphic Androecium angiosperms anthers bithecous APweb Asteridae axile basal Botanical bracts branch Calyx capsule carpels Caryophyllales character-states characters clade classification Commelinidae connate corolla Cronquist Takhtajan Dahlgren cymose Dahlgren Thorne APG dicots Dicotyledons Dilleniidae distinct Economic importance embryo endosperm Euasterids Eudicots Eurosids female flower Figure filaments floral fruit genus Gynoecium H Cronquist herbaceous herbarium herbs Hutchinson included inflorescence Judd leaf Leaves alternate Liliidae Liliopsida lobed Magnoliales Magnolianae Magnoliidae Magnoliophyta Magnoliophyta Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida Angiospermae Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida Major genera monocots Monocotyledons monophyletic morphological Nymphaeaceae ovary ovary superior ovules perianth petals phylogenetic Phylogeny pinnate placed Placement placentation plants pollen grains primitive rarely recognized Rosidae Salient features section of flower seeds sepals Series+/Superorder shrubs sometimes species stamens stigma stipules absent style subfamilies superorders Takhtajan Takhtajan Dahlgren Thorne taxa taxon taxonomic tepals tree unisexual united carpels unplaced usually venation Vertical section whorls Winteraceae woody zygomorphic